Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 13 4 2019 10 01 Correlation of T-Cell Subsets and Hypercholesterolemia of the Donor and Its Association with Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease 183 188 Monica Rivera Franco Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico Eucario León-Rodríguez Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico Diana Gómez-Martín Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico 2019 04 10 2019 05 12 Background: Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is an important cause of death following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The association between cholesterol and aGVHD was previously described potentially resulting from pro-inflammatory responses associated with hypercholesterolemia. The aim of this study was to correlate T-cell subsets in donor bone marrow (BM) samples with their levels of cholesterol and associate these results with recipients who developed aGVHD and those who did not. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed in 39 donor samples. T-cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Eleven (28%) donors had hypercholesterolemia. Donor samples with hypercholesterolemia had less Tregs compared to donors with normal levels of cholesterol (22.69 (IQR=30.6) cells/µL vs 52.62 (IQR=44.68) cells/µL, p=0.04). Among all the cohort, aGVHD was observed in 21%: 36% from donors with hypercholesterolemia versus 14% from donors with normal levels of cholesterol.   Conclusion: As we described the association between hypercholesterolemia and diminished Tregs, our results might suggest that normalizing the levels of total cholesterol in the donor, prior performing allo-HSCT, might be an effective approach to diminish the risk of the receptor to develop aGVHD. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1109 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1109/798