Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 1 2023 08 21 69 74 Saeed Nateghi Department of Cardiology, Baharloo Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Aziz Rasooli Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Leila Moadabshoar Head of Prevention and Cancer Control Group, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Zahra Panahi 4Department of Perinatology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mohammadreza Rostami 1)Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy (RIOHCT), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2)Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 06 26 2023 07 18 Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered a potentially curative treatment for several malignant and non-malignant hematologic disorders including transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT). However, HSCT is associated with short-term and long-term complications. One of the recognized causes of morbidity and mortality in TDT patients is heart-related complications. Additionally, cardiac involvement is likely to be more common in patients who proceed to HSCT. So the risks of cardiac complications should be carefully weighed against the advantages of the primary disease cure. This review aims to discuss the cardiac considerations that should be kept in mind in TDT patients going through the path of HSCT. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2057 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2057/1072