Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 4 4 2010 12 15 10 13 Zahra Farahmandinia Pediatric Hematologist Oncologist, Department of pediatrics, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran Ali Naderi Pediatric Hematologist Oncologist, Department of pediatrics, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran Fatemeh Sabzevari Pediatrician, Department of pediatrics, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran. Saeedeh Parvaresh 2015 10 01 Introduction: Acute Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder of childhood caused by production of auto antibodies against platelets. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and intravenous anti-D(IV anti-D) in ITP treatment. Methods and materials: In a clinical trial, 43 children with acute ITP referred to Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman/ Iran during 2 years were studied. Children were randomly divided into two treatment groups of IVIG (n=27) and anti-D (n=16). Two groups were compared in regard to the time takes for platelets to increase, platelets count in the 10th post-treatment day and any drug side effects. Results: Positive response to the treatment was observed in 70.4% (19 patients) of IVIG group and 68% (11 ones) of IV anti-D group. Mean response time was 2.9 days in anti-D and 2.8 days in IVIG groups (p=0.934). Platelets count on the 10th post-treatment day in anti-D and IVIG groups were respectively 202545/μl and 204857/μl (p=0.974). Four patients in IVIG group showed side effects, while the patients in anti-D group had no complication or acute hemoglobin decrease. Conclusion: In spite of no significant difference between IVIG and anti-D treatment groups in regard to the therapeutic outcomes, IV anti-D is suggested as the first-line treatment in acute ITP because of its lower price, more convenient administration and no need for hospitalization. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/257 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/257/250