Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 5 1 2011 03 15 20 29 Mohsen Nikbakht Department. of Biotechnology, Panjab University (PU), Chandigarh, India. AND Department of experimental medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education Abhimanyu Jha Department. of Biotechnology, Panjab University (PU), Chandigarh, India Kianoosh MalekZadeh Molecular Medicine Research Center: Medical University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran Marjan Askari Department. of Biotechnology, Panjab University (PU), Chandigarh, India Neena Capalash Department. of Biotechnology, Panjab University (PU), Chandigarh, India Marwaha Ram Kumar Advanced Pediatric Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh Deepak Kaul Department of experimental medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education Jagdeep Kaur Department. of Biotechnology, Panjab University (PU), Chandigarh, India 2015 10 01 Introduction: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most worldwide common type of childhood cancer. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (MTR) are crucial enzymes in folate pathways. Folate availability is critical factor for DNA integrity, required for the transfer of methyl group in the biosynthesis of thymidilate. Procedure: In present study, we have conducted a case control study from north Indian states  to correlate the effect of two SNPs of MTHFR (677C→T and 1298A→C) and MTR (2756A→G) and the risk of childhood ALL. One hundred and twenty five bone marrows and peripheral blood samples and 100 sex-age matched healthy controls were obtained and analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. Results: Statistically, no significant differences were observed between patients and controls for different genotypes (p>0.05), also significant different on risk of ALL in individuals having genotype of MTHFR 677TT (OR=0.61, 95% CI=0.21-1.77) and MTHFR 1298CC (OR=0.56, 95% CI=0.18-1.68) was not observed. Statistically, the correlation of variants of MTR gene and risk of ALL was not observed. Conclusions:The difference in distribution of possible combined genotypes of MTHFR (677C→T, 1298A→C) and MTR (2756A→G) between patients and controls were statistically insignificant. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/268 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/268/261