Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 6 2 2012 06 15 8 12 Taher Entezari-Maleki Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Safa Margedari Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kheirollah Gholami Faculty of Pharmacy, and Research Center for Rational Use of Drug, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran Molouk Hadjibabaie Faculty of Pharmacy, and Research Center for Rational Use of Drug, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Bagher Oghazian Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Jamshid Salamzadeh Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Hamid Khoee Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh Hematology-Oncology and SCT Research Center, Department of Hematology-Oncology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 01 Background and Aims: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are one of the major leading causes of death in the world. This study was designed and conducted because of the importance of adverse events in the cancer treatment setting and regarding this issue there is no study exploring adverse reactions of acute hematologic malignancy chemotherapy in Iranian population. Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study performed at hematology-oncology and bone marrow transplantation research center. The inclusion criteria were all patients with acute hematologic malignancies such as ALL and AML, which were admitted over an 8 months period and were ≥15 years old age. Each ADR was categorized based on the WHO system organ classification. Results and Conclusion: The total number of detected ADRs was 310 in total of 105 patients. Eight patients (7.6 %) experienced only one ADR, eleven patients (10.5%) experienced two ADRs and eighty-six of them (82%) experienced more than two ADRs. there was a significant relationship between the number of ADRs and type of hematologic malignancy. In this regard, the patients with AML malignancy showed more number of ADRs than with ALL malignancy (p<0.05) The Gastro-intestinal system disorders were the most common affected system-organ by chemotherapy regimens (33.5%). We suggest more well designed studies to determine the relation between the number of ADRs and study factors. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/328 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/328/314