Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 6 3 2012 09 15 26 31 Zohreh Rahimi Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Depart Ziba Rahimi Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Reza Akramipour Department of Pediatrics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Hadi Mozafari Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Kheirollah Yari Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani Department of Pediatrics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Ali Shahriari-Ahmadi Department of Hematology Oncology, Medical School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 01 Introduction: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy. The risk of thrombophilia increases in patients with ALL during chemotherapy. The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its possible association with ALL. Patients and Methods: We studied 92 patients with ALL and 249 healthy individuals from Kermanshah Province of Iran. Detection of FVL mutation was performed by PCR-RFLP using restriction enzymes of Mnl I. Results: The frequency of FVL G1691A polymorphism was 7.8% in patients compared to 3.2% in controls (p=0.052). There was a trend towards increased risk of ALL in the presence of FVL mutation [OR=2.54, 95% CI 0.9-7.2, p=0.08]. Conclusions: Our results indicated that the frequency of both thrombophilic mutation of FVL was higher in ALL patients from Kermanshah province compared to healthy individuals and FVL mutation tended to be associated with the increased risk of ALL. Further studies needed to evaluate the association between FVL mutation and the occurrence of thromboembolism in ALL patients. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/335 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/335/571