Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 9 1 2015 03 15 26 32 Farzaneh Ashrafi Hematology Division of Internal Medicine Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Shahrzad Shahidi Nephrology Division of Internal Medicine Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Kidney Disease Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. Zeinab Ebrahimi Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Mojgan Mortazavi Isfahan Kidney Disease Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a complication of chronic immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation with a high mortality rate. Alternative treatments such as rapamycin have been explored. Methods: A detailed retrospective analysis was performed according to data collected from 13 patients with PTLD. At the time of PTLD diagnosis, immunosuppressive therapy was decreased and rapamycin administered. Overall survival, disease-free survival of patients and graft survival were determined. Results: Among 590 kidney transplant recipients, 13 adult patients with PTLD were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 42.15 (range: 25-58) years at the time of PTLD diagnosis, and 9 patients were male. Histology was distributed in 9 diffuse large B cell, 1 Malt lymphoma, 1 Burkitt lymphoma, 2 Hodgkin-like PTLD. The response rate to rapamycin alone was 30.8%. The mean overall survival period was 23.38 months and 11 patients are still alive. In total, 10 patients (76.9%) achieved a complete remission with functioning graft in 11 (84.6%) patients. Conclusion: Despite the retrospective focus and limited number of patients, this study provides promising results regarding the effectiveness of stopping calcineurin inhibitors and switching to rapamycin for patients with PTLD. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/397 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/397/400