Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 7 1 2013 03 15 39 42 K Goudarzipour Mofid, Children's Hospital, shahid beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. M Kajiyazdi Mofid, Children's Hospital, shahid beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. A Mahdaviyani Masih Daneshvari Hospital, shahid beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 14 Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is one of the complications of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Although the patients who have developed HLH following EBV have normal immune system, there are a few patients with EBV-induced immune deficiency who develop HLH as well. Here, we describe the case of a 10-year-old girl with neurological complications caused by EBV-induced HLH. The patient received rituximab, leading to weakening inflammation associated with EBV infection and suppression of disease through quick treatment. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/462 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/462/335