Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 7 1 2013 03 15 13 30 Abdolreza Ardeshiry Lajimi Stem Cell Biology Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran. Majid Farshdousti Hagh Division of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Najmaldin Saki Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Esmaeil Mortaz Division of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Masoud Soleimani Hematology Department, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat modares University, Tehran, Iran. Fakher Rahim Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur, University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 2015 10 14 Multiple Sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which T cells experience a second phase of activation, which ultimately leads to axonal demyelination and neurological disability. The recent advances in stem cell therapies may serve as potential treatments for neurological disorders. There are broad types of stem cells such as neural, embryonic, mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells with unprecedented hope in treating many debilitating diseases. In this paper we will review the substantial literature regarding experimental and clinical use of these stem cells and possible mechanisms in the treatment of MS. These results may pave the road for the utilization of stem cells for the treatment of MS. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/464 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/464/333