Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 1 2016 12 29 49 53 EN Nastaran Farzi Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Zahra Abrehdari-Tafreshi Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran Omid Zarei Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Leili Chamani-Tabriz Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2015 11 15 2016 03 16 Background: Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila) is a gram-negative bacterium which causes ‎Legionnaires’ disease as well as Pontiac fever. The Legionella infections in patients suffering from ‎neutropenia- as a common complication of cancer chemotherapy- can distribute rapidly. We ‎aimed to detect of L. pneumophila in haematological malignancy suffering patients with ‎neutropenic fever by targeting the (macrophage infectivity potentiator) mip gene. Subjects and Methods: Serum and ‎urine specimens were obtained from 80 patients and presence of mip gene of L. pneumophila in ‎specimens was investigated by PCR. Results: The L. pneumophila infection was detected in 21 (26.2%) and 38 ‎‎(47.5%) of urine and serum specimens, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the relative high ‎prevalence of L. pneumophila in the studied patients group which show the necessity of ‎considering this microorganism in future studies from detection and treatment point of view in ‎cancer patients. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/504 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/504/535