Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 1 6 Zeynab Shaghaghi Torkdari Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Mohammad Khalaj-Kondori Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour Feizi Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 2021 03 16 2022 04 30 Background: Breast cancer is identified as the most common malignancy and cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Compared with healthy controls, this study evaluated the expression level and diagnostic power of lncRNA plasma TINCR in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight women diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma and fifty healthy age-matched controls were included in the study. TRIzol® LS regent was used to isolate the total RNA from the whole plasma. Total RNA was converted to cDNA using Prime ScriptTM RT reagent kit and the expression levels of TINCR were quantified by qRT-PCR. Results: Low levels of TINCR lncRNA were observed in the plasma of breast cancer patients compared with control subjects. Plasma TINCR level was also positively correlated with the diagnostic age of breast cancer patients. Conclusion: A low level of plasma TINCR could discriminate breast cancer patients from healthy control subjects. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1581 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1581/1011

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 7 13 Bahareh Gheiasi Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Fakhredin Taghinezhad Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Darshik Kumar Patel Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Loyola Medicine - Macneal Hospital, Berwyn, IL, USA Ebrahim Salimi Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Mashallah Babashahi Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Aliashraf Mozafari Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran 2021 10 17 2023 12 16 Background: COVID-19 usually complicates respiratory failure; microvascular, macrovascular, and renal complications are common. Both micro and macrovascular complications are associated with multi-organ dysfunction and in-hospital mortality. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) causes microvascular thromboses associated with organ failure, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Materials and Methods: This Retrospective Cohort study included 100 COVID-19 patients with thrombocytopenia, followed up in a university hospital’s intensive care unit (ICU). The primary endpoints were in-hospital mortality or discharge from the hospital and assessing the occurrence of TMA and AKI during the hospitalization. The effect of thrombotic microangiopathy and acute kidney injury on mortality was investigated using logistic regression models in Stata software version 12.1. Results: The TMA and AKI were associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients presenting with thrombocytopenia in multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for other variables. The effect of AKI on mortality was obtained (adjusted OR 4.09, 95% CI: 1.33–12.53, p = 0.01). Moreover, the odds of mortality due to TMA were ten-fold higher in the patients who had TMA than those who did not (adjusted OR 10.26, 95% CI: 1.26–83.76, p = 0.03). Conclusion: We outlined TMA in COVID-19 patients, which could be responsible for kidney injury and mortality in critically COVID-19 patients. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1730 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1730/1012

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 14 32 Hasan Goze Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Tahir Cinli Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Kursad Baydilli Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Istemi Serin Department of Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey 2021 11 22 2023 12 16 Background: Despite the existence of standard risk classification systems and effective treatment approaches, 34% to 37% of advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) either relapse or progress. Our goal in our study was to show the relationship between initial lymphocyte count and stage while examining their effects on prognosis. The initial lymphocyte count, which is proven in advanced-stage patients, could be an important factor in terms of showing the prognosis in the early stage. Materials and Methods: Our study included 190 patients diagnosed with HL in our hospital between January 2010 and September 2020. HL subtypes, diagnosis stages, presence of bulky or mediastinal masses, lymphadenopathy areas, and demographic data of patients, such as age and sex. The aim was to obtain a cutoff in the statistical analysis performed to explore the relationship between lymphocyte level and stage, which is the main hypothesis of the study. Results: Of the 190 patients evaluated, 77 were female (40.5%) and 113 were male (59.5%). To obtain a cutoff in terms of lymphocyte level and stage relationship, a value of 2380/mm3 and below was found to be associated with stage 3-4 disease with a sensitivity of 86.44% and a specificity of 33.3% (AUC: 0.613 (0.539-0.682), p<0.007). Conclusion: This result can be improved in combination with conventional imaging methods used for staging purposes. Further studies may shed light on staging and especially the diagnosis of advanced-stage disease with high sensitivity. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1752 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1752/1013

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 33 46 Natalia Popova Department of BMT, Immunotherapy and Post-BMT Complications Department, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Mikhail Drokov Department of BMT, Immunotherapy and Post-BMT Complications Department, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Yulia Davydova The Laboratory of Immunophenotyping of Blood and Bone Marrow Cells, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Nikolay Kapranov The Laboratory of Immunophenotyping of Blood and Bone Marrow Cells, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Vera Vasilieva Department of BMT, Immunotherapy and Post-BMT Complications Department, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Irina Galtseva The Laboratory of Immunophenotyping of Blood and Bone Marrow Cells, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Larisa Kuzmina Department of BMT, Immunotherapy and Post-BMT Complications Department, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation Elena Parovichnikova 1) Department of BMT, Immunotherapy and Post-BMT Complications Department, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation 2) The Laboratory of Immunophenotyping of Blood and Bone Marrow Cells, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation 2022 03 25 2022 06 13 Background: Memory T cells are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that provide adaptive immunity. Its full recovery seems essential for graft-versus-tumor reactions that provide an opportunity for biological cure in patients with acute leukemia. The use of mismatched or haploidentical donors has increased, which has become possible because of modifications in graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five leukemia patients (acute myeloid leukemia – 40, acute lymphoblastic leukemia – 25), median age 33 (17–61) years, underwent allo-HSCT from 2016 to 2019 in the National Research Centre for Hematology. Patients were divided into three groups based on the impact of GVHD prophylaxis on T cell recovery: horse antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based regimen (n=32), horse ATG combined with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) (n=18), and ex vivo T cell depletion (n=15). Results: The early period after transplantation (before day +100) was characterized by significantly lower absolute numbers of T naïve, memory stem and T central memory cells in peripheral blood in patients after ATG+PT-Cy-regimen or ex vivo T cell depletion than after ATG-based prophylaxis (p<0.05). Moreover, strong depletion of naïve T and memory stem cells prevents the development of GVHD, and determining the absolute number of CD8+ naïve T and memory stem cells with a cutoff of 1.31 cells per microliter seems to be a perspective in assessing the risks of developing acute GVHD (p=0.008). The dynamics of T cell recovery showed the involvement of either circulating or bone marrow resident T effector cells shortly after allogeneic transplantation in all patients, but the use of manipulated grafts with ex vivo T cell depletion requires the involvement of naïve and memory stem cells. There was no significant effect of T cell recovery on leukemia relapse after allogeneic transplantation. Conclusion: These experimental outcomes contribute to providing the best understanding of immunological events that occur early after transplantation and help in the rational choice of GVHD prophylaxis in patients who will undergo allogeneic transplantation. Our study demonstrated the comparable immunological effects of posttransplant cyclophosphamide and ex vivo T cell depletion and immunological inefficiency of horse ATG for GVHD prevention. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1816 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1816/1014

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 47 52 Alireza Sadeghi Department of Hematology and Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Reyhane Gardashti Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Farzaneh Ashrafi Department of Hematology and Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Valiollah Mehrzad Department of Hematology and Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2021 10 27 2022 02 19 Background: Recurrence of ALL in the central nervous system, CNS Relapse, is known as a poor prognostic factor. Few studies have been performed on the CNS Relapse in adults with ALL. This study aimed to evaluate the recurrence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the central nervous system, CNS relapse, in adults with ALL. Materials and Methods: Seventy newly diagnosed patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia aged 15 years and older referred to Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan between 2014 and 2019 were included in this study. All patients treated with the Hyper-CVAD regimen underwent prophylaxis for the central nervous system based on the risk of CNS relapse. All study participants with CNS relapse underwent intrathecal chemotherapy. Results: The median age of patients was 34 years. Four patients (5.7%) had primary central nervous system involvement. Out of 70 patients receiving the Hyper-CVAD regimen, 59 (84.2%) achieved complete remission. Of the 59 patients achieving CR, ten (16.94%) developed CNS relapse. The median duration of CR before CNS relapse was 21 weeks. Out of 10 patients with CNS relapse, seven (70%) achieved complete remission. Of seven patients achieving CR in the central nervous system, one had a second recurrence in the central nervous system, but finally achieved CNS complete remission. The median survival of patients after CNS relapse was four months. The results also showed that out of 10 patients with CNS relapse, four (40%) survived one year. Conclusion: This study shows that the prognosis of CNS relapse in adults with ALL has not improved much. Limited studies have been conducted on the recurrence of the central nervous system in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Therefore, further studies on CNS relapse after complete remission of ALL are required to clarify more details. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1735 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1735/1015

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 53 63 Javad Zarei Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied ‎Medical Sciences, Ahvaz ‎Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Abbas Sheikhtaheri Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management & Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehrnaz ahmadi Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Maria Cheraghi Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Abdolhassan Talaiezadeh Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Adeleh Khazami Department of Medical Librarianship and Information Sciences, School of Allied ‎Medical Sciences, Ahvaz ‎Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2023 05 03 2023 11 07 Background: Cancer patients are more exposed to opportunistic infections, such as COVID-19, due to their poor health status. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of cancer and non-cancer patients with COVID-19 that may lead to death, intubation, and ICU admission. Materials and Methods: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional study was conducted on confirmed COVID-19 adult patients with and without a history of cancer from March 2019 to March 2021. Demographic and clinical features, ICU admission, intubation, and discharge status have been extracted from patients’ medical records. Chi-square, odds ratio, Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The death rate in 1332 cancer patients was 28% compared to the 91464 noncancer patients which was 9% with an odds ratio of 3.94 and p<0.001. ICU admission rates among the cancer group were 43%, while in the noncancer group, it was 17.9% (p<0.001). Moreover, intubation was done for 20.9% of cancer patients and 7.4% of non-cancer patients (p<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of length of stay in the hospital. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age, level of consciousness, SPO2, and autoimmune disorders were associated with mortality in cancer patients with COVID-19. Conclusion: This study showed that older age, loss of consciousness, low oxygen saturation, and suffering from autoimmune disorders were the predictors of death in cancer patients with COVID-19. These results can have important implications for the management and care of cancer patients with COVID-19.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2025 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2025/1016

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 64 74 EN Maiia Firsova Department of High-Dose Chemotherapy of Paraproteinemic Hemoblastoses, FSFI «National Research Center for Hematology», Moscow, Russian Federation Maxim Solovev Department of High-Dose Chemotherapy of Paraproteinemic Hemoblastoses, FSFI «National Research Center for Hematology», Moscow, Russian Federation Daria Mironova Department of High-Dose Chemotherapy of Paraproteinemic Hemoblastoses, FSFI «National Research Center for Hematology», Moscow, Russian Federation Larisa Mendeleeva Department of High-Dose Chemotherapy of Paraproteinemic Hemoblastoses, FSFI «National Research Center for Hematology», Moscow, Russian Federation 2022 03 28 2023 11 29 Background: To assess the efficacy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with acute renal failure. Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-center study included 64 patients (30 men, 34 women) with MM and kidney damage at the onset of the disease, aged 19 to 65 years (median 54), who underwent auto-HSCT from 2013 to 2019. 23 patients (36%) were dialysis-dependent at the time of diagnosis. The analysis was carried out in two groups: the "HD-" group (patients who were independent of hemodialysis during auto-HSCT, n = 54), and the "HD +" group (patients who underwent auto-HSCT while treated with programmed hemodialysis, n = 10). Research results were statistically processed using the Statistica software (version 10.0); the data obtained were presented graphically. Statistical analysis was performed using survival analysis (using the Kaplan-Meier method, with a Log-Rank Test) and frequency analysis (using contingency tables and Fisher's test). Results: The patients dependent on hemodialysis were significantly more likely to require red blood cell transfusions compared to the dialysis-independent patients (100% versus 35%, p = 0.0001). Reactivation of a herpes viral infection and reversible toxic encephalopathy developed significantly more often in the patients from the “HD +” group compared with the patients from the “HD-” group (30% versus 6%, p = 0.04 and 20% versus 0%, p = 0.02, respectively). As a result of the treatment (induction + auto-HSCT), 14 patients (61%) became hemodialysis-independent. There was no transplant-related mortality. With a median follow-up of 48 months, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 70% and 42%, respectively. Conclusion: Auto-HSCT is a safe and effective treatment for patients with MM complicated by acute kidney injury. Fourteen of 23 (61%) patients became dialysis-independent. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1818 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1818/1017

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 75 82 Shirin Afhami Department of Infectious Diseases, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Alireza Adibimehr Department of Infectious Diseases, Kamkar Arbnia Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences (QUMS), Qom, Iran Seyed Asadollah Mousavi 1) Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran 2) Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and cell therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mohammad Vaezi 1) 4Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran 2) Hematology, Oncology and Stem cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mahnaz Montazeri Department of Infectious Diseases, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mohammadreza Salehi Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mohsen Meidani Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mahshid Saleh Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin Graduate School, Madison, Wisconsin, USA Kazem Ahmadikia Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Emanuel Roilides Infectious Diseases Unit, 3rd Department of Paediatrics, Aristotle University School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece Johan Maertens 1) Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, K.U. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium 2) Department of Hematology, U.Z. Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Neda Alijani Department of Infectious Diseases, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran 2022 05 13 2023 12 24 Background: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with hematological malignancies. Given the considerable prevalence and consequences of IFIs, hence revealing the exact cause of fungal infections, their rate, associated risk factors, and complications could contribute to reducing both financial and life costs, choosing targeted antifungal treatment, and avoiding unnecessary toxic treatments in individuals who are not suffering from mycoses. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the first semester of 2019. All patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) admitted to Dr. Shariati Hospital were studied. Only those with probable/proven IFIs defined according to the last update of EORTC/MSG criteria were included in the study. The demographic and clinical data were recorded from the hospital information registration system using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24. Results: Out of 1109 HM patients hospitalized during the study period, 67 (6.04%) IFIs were diagnosed. Of these, 57 (85.04%) were aspergillosis, 7 (10.4%) were mucormycosis, and 3 patients developed other fungal infections. Males constituted 67.2% of the entire IFI population. The mean±SD age of the samples was 43.16 ± 13.8 years. The most common type of malignancy was AML. Lung imaging showed lesions associated with fungal infections in 52 cases (77.6%), with multiple nodules as the most prevalent pattern being observed in 64.2% of cases. Sinus involvement was evidenced in the PNS CT scan of 46 (68.6%) patients. The attributable mortality rate for IFIs was 62.7%. Both the types of IFI and malignancies had no significant relationship with the outcome of patients. Central venous catheter, mucositis, and antibiotic use were the most frequent risk factors. Conclusion:  IFI represents a frequent complication for HM patients with high mortality. Aspergillus species are the predominant etiology in these settings. Considering our results, in high-risk patients, manifestations of warning signs in the sinus and lungs, which would not be cleared despite receiving antibiotics, should raise the possibility of IFIs. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1842 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1842/1018

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 83 91 Nooshin Pourjamal Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran Reza Shirkohi Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Elham Rohani Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Tehran, Iran Mehrdad Hashemi Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2022 06 20 2023 11 06 Gastric cancer is an invasive cancer, which is usually diagnosed in advanced stages. However, the markers affecting its progression, and invasion are of great importance in its diagnosis and treatment. The current research aimed to study the correlation of genes that contributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), Mest1, and GjA1, with some clinicopathological specifications in gastric cancer patients to better comprehend the functions of these genes in this tumor. Materials and Methods: RNA was extracted from the tumor, and normal tissues and cDNA were synthesized. Then, by designing specific primers for Gja1 and Mest1 genes, their expressions were studied by RT-PCR. The data was analyzed by GraphPad Prism 8 software. Results: Significant differences among the expressions of the mentioned genes associated with clinicopathological variables of gastric cancer patients, including tumor size, grade, stage, metastasis, and lymphatic invasion were seen. Conclusion: The obtained data showed the important role of EMT-related genes, Gja1 and Mest1 in the clinical progression of the tumor. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these genes as biomarker candidates for detecting gastric cancer. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1863 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1863/1019

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 92 99 Ladan Paya Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Ali Rafat Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Mehdi Talebi Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Amirala Aghbali Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Nikzad Shahidi Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tabriz University of Medical Science, East Azarbaijan, Iran Babak Nejati Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Parya Emamverdizadeh Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Hojjatollah Nozad Charoudeh Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2022 07 15 2023 11 06 Background: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCCs) are heterogeneous malignancies that comprise 90% of the head and neck cancers. HNSCCs originate from the mucosal lining epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) that generate HNSCCs with the CD44, CD133, and ALDH phenotype and are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In the current, the quantitative alteration in CD44 and CD133 expression pre- and post-tumor resection and radiotherapy was evaluated in HNSCC patients. Moreover, the alterations in the expression of Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, ALDH, and PTEN genes were measured. Materials and Methods: Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the alterations in CD44 and CD133 surface markers pre- and posttumor resection and radiotherapy. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to investigate the mRNA expression levels of Bax, Bak, Bcl-2, ALDH, and PTEN. Results: The results indicated that the cancer stem cell CD44 surface marker significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy in HNSCC cases, while the decrease was insignificant for CD133 marker expression. mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 and ALDH was increased, but Bax and Bak gene expressions were reduced significantly Conclusion: The results also indicated that the expression of CD44 significantly decreased after tumor resection and radiotherapy. The upregulation of mRNA level of Bcl-2 and ALDH, and the downregulation of Bax and Bak gene expression were noted in these cases when compared to the healthy control group. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1876 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1876/1020

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 100 103 EN Mohammad Ghorbani 1) Laboratory Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran 2) Laboratory Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Amin Solouki Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farhang Soltani Department of Internal Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Amir Moayedpour Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Zahra Khoshnegah Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran 2022 06 04 2023 08 07 autoantibodies, which results in Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) independent pseudo thrombocytopenia (PTCP). Its diagnosis is made based on the peripheral blood smear (PBS) examination and pre-test warming blood sample. Here, a case of PTCP secondary to PCA is presented. He was first admitted for pre-surgical tests but his platelet count was low. His blood was taken with EDTA and sodium citrate anticoagulant to rule pre-analytical error out. Then his sample warmed up and the test was run again with Mindray BC-6000 automated cell counter. Moreover, the rheumatologic tests were done for him. His platelet count was 23×109/L at first, and PBS showed many platelet aggregates. The low platelet count was not correct with Sodium Citrate or re-sampling with EDTA so platelet satellitism and improper sampling were ruled out. By warming the sample up to 37⸰C, the Platelet count rose to 216×109 / L.  The rheumatologic tests were negative except for HLA-B27 which was positive. Finally, he was diagnosed with PCA which is due to a cold antibody (clinically insignificant). This diagnosis is important for the prevention of recurrent tests, unnecessary platelet transfusion, and other problems. Here these conditions will be discussed. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1858 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1858/1021

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 1 2024 01 15 104 109 EN Natalia Builes Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Cll 78b #69-240, Medellín, Colombia 2021 10 10 2023 11 19 Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens have the potential to decrease toxicities related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). While initial results may have been acceptable in adults and young adults, there are no well-established strategies in children with SCD. Here, it is described the clinical course of two children with symptomatic SCD who have successfully undergone HSCT using Fludarabin-based conditioning. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1726 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1726/1022