Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 210 219 Leila Sayadi Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeed Mohammadi 1) Cell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2) Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parivash Aminian 1) Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2)Staff Training Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 10 18 2024 05 12 Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered as the last treatment option for many life-threatening diseases. The number of donated cells can affect transplantation success. This study attempted to investigate the relationship between the health-promoting lifestyle of allogeneic stem cell donors and the number of donated CD34+ and CD3+ cells. Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive correlational study in which 100 peripheral blood stem cell donors participated. A demographic form and health-promoting lifestyle profile-II questionnaire were distributed to participants, and then cell separation was started. Afterward, the results of CD34 + and CD3 + cell counts, as well as other clinical parameters of the participants, were recorded. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistical methods. Results:  The results showed that the mean total health-promoting lifestyle profile score for hematopoietic stem cell donors was 2.876±0.461. There was no significant relationship between the health-promoting lifestyle score and the number of CD34+, CD3+ cells and CD3+/CD34+ ratio. A positive and significant correlation was found between the weight of the donors and the number of CD34+ (P < 0.001) and CD3+ cells (P = 0.001). The number of CD34+ cells was significantly different between women and men (P = 0.009). Conclusion: Lifestyle had no significant effect on the number of CD3+/CD34+ cells. Moreover, the number of CD34+ cells was significantly higher in men, so males should be preferentially recruited as donors for the HSCT procedure.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2099 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2099/1035

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 297 305 Nelson Cahuapaza-Gutierrez 1) Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica Del Sur, Lima, Perú 2) Change Research Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú Tsuriel Campos-Escalante Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica Del Sur, Lima, Perú 2023 05 06 2023 12 23 Aplastic anemia (AA) is the prototypical bone marrow failure syndrome due to the destruction of hematopoietic stem cells by cytotoxic T cells. According to case reports, vaccines could lead to the development of AA. We conducted the present systematic review to evaluate cases of AA following vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We searched the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE in English, Portuguese, and Spanish languages until April 24, 2023. Published reports and case series on the occurrence of AA following vaccination against COVID-19 were included. The Joanna Brigs Institute was used to assess study quality and risk of bias. Six studies were selected from 102 research studies and data were extracted according to the inclusion criteria. All case reports and case series reported the occurrence of AA following COVID-19 vaccination. AA events were mainly observed in vaccines with messenger ribonucleic acid technology (Moderna; Pfizer-BioNTech). AA was diagnosed by bone marrow biopsy and severity was determined by Camitta criteria. All cases of AA were properly diagnosed. The sample size was small; therefore, further investigations are required to demonstrate and elucidate the complete pathophysiological mechanisms of AA development after receiving COVID-19 vaccination. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2027 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2027/1046

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 306 310 EN Sogol Zarrabi Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Vaezi 1) Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2) Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology, and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bita Shahrami 1) Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2) Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3) Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology, and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 03 04 2024 04 24 No Abstracs No Abstracs No Abstracs https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2190 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2190/1044

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 220 226 Majid Naderi Genetics of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Benyamin Rhmati Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research & Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran Hoora Ganjali Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Saeedeh Yaghoubi Department of pediatrics, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Mohammad Sadra Harifi-Mood Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Seyed Ghader Azizi Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran 2022 11 20 2023 05 31 Background: Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is one of the most common coagulative diseases, so identifying the effective factors in preventing this complication is essential. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of demographic and epidemiological findings in VWD patients referred to a hospital in Zahedan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 76 patients with VWD referred to Hazrat Ali-Asghar Hospital in Zahedan City, Sistan, and Baluchestan province. After obtaining consent from the patients, the demographic information and clinical symptoms of the disease were recorded. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 software. All descriptive data were expressed as mean ±SD and percent (%) depending on the continuous and dichotomous variables. A P-value ≤0.05 was considered significant statistically. Results: The present study results showed that the highest age group of VWD patients at the time of disease diagnosis was in the age group 1-5 years (47.3%), and most patients had type III VWD (80.3%). It was also found that 67.1% of patients had a positive family history and their parents' consanguineous marriage (77.6%). The most common complaints were epistaxis (88.15%), cutaneous bleeding (78.94%), and oral cavity bleeding (61.84%), respectively. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of VWD in consanguineous marriages and an increase in adverse complications and symptoms in VWD patients, the proper diagnosis and screening at an early age, especially in people with family history, is essential. Efforts are needed to develop national registries and widely provide the required and available basic services for diagnosis and treatment. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1941 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1941/1036

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 311 312 EN Nur Hürsoy Department of Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey Merve Solak Department of Radiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey Demet Nak Department of Nuclear Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey 2024 03 10 2024 06 08 There is no abstract, only main text as Letter to Editor https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2170 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2170/1045

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 227 239 Murat Yıldırım Gülhane Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology and Bone Barrow Transplantation Unit, Ankara, Turkiye Selim Sayın Gülhane Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology and Bone Barrow Transplantation Unit, Ankara, Turkiye Melda Cömert Gülhane Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology and Bone Barrow Transplantation Unit, Ankara, Turkiye Esra Şafak, Yılmaz Gülhane Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Informatics, Ankara, Turkiye Ferit Avcu Ankara Memorial Hospital Department of Hematology and Bone Barrow Transplantation Unit, Ankara, Turkiye Ali Ural Bayındır Sögütözü Hospital Department of Hematology and Bone Barrow Transplantation Unit, Ankara, Turkiye Meltem Aylı Gülhane Educational and Research Hospital, Department of Hematology and Bone Barrow Transplantation Unit, Ankara, Turkiye 2023 03 29 2023 12 28 Background: Graft Versus Host Disease (GvHD), which can be observed at a rate of 30-80% after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an important complication that adversely affects the survival and quality of the life of patients. Posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) effectively prevents GvHD after HLA-haploidentical ASCT. In our study, the use of PTCy in 1-antigen HLA-mismatched unrelated donor (9/10MMUD) ASCT was compared with standard GvHD prophylaxis in HLA-identical related donor (MRD) ASCT. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of the comparison of 42 patients with 9/10 MMUD ASCT receiving PTCy+Methotrexate (MTX)+Calcineurin Inhibitor (CNI) and 37 patients with HLA-identical MRD who received MTX+CNI  in 3 bone marrow transplantation centers.  Results: Cumulative incidences of grade I-II (64.6% vs 45.4%, p=0.187) or grade III to IV acute GvHD (35.4% vs54.6%, p=0.187) and chronic GvHD (11.9% vs 29.7%, p=0.096) were similar in the PTCy group and control group. No statistically significant differences were observed between PTCy and the control group in overall survival rate (52.4% vs 62.2%, p=0.381), progression-free survival (1483.97 vs 1200.70 days, p=0.502), relapsed-related mortality rate (21.4% vs 16.2%, p=0.556) and treatment-related mortality rate (16.7% vs 21.6%, p=0.575). Conclusion: With the addition of PTCy to standard GvHD prophylaxis in 9/10MMUD ASCT, the risk of GvHD due to incompatibility and unrelated transplantation is eliminated, and transplantation success is achieved with MRD ASCT. PTCy-based prophylaxis is an effective and safe strategy to prevent GvHD in 9/10 MMUD ASCT without increasing the risk of relapse and treatment-related mortality. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2005 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2005/1037

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 240 248 EN Tayebe Zarekar Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Abbas Hajifathali Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sajad Ahmadizad Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran 2023 01 02 2024 06 01 Background: Thrombocytopenia is a frequent complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although platelet transfusion is the most used treatment for severe thrombocytopenia, it is associated with well-established risks. High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) results in thrombocytosis. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce thrombocytopenia by increasing platelet count through exercise. Materials and Methods: Twenty lymphoma and multiple myeloma patients were divided into HIIE and control groups. To determine the maximal exercise capacity, patients in the HIIE group performed a graded exercise test. All patients received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for 5 days, followed by a HIIE trial. After 5 min warm up at 10 to 20% of peak power, patients in the HIIE group performed an HIIE protocol that included 12 intervals of one-minute work at 100% peak power interspersed by one-minute active rest at 20% of peak power. Patients in the control group were seated for the same duration without any physical activity. Two blood samples were taken before and immediately after the trials and were analyzed for measuring complete blood count. Results: Platelet count on the day of platelet engraftment in the HIIE group was significantly higher than in the control group (P=0.02). Single-donor platelet transfusion was significantly lower in the HIIE group than in the control group (P=0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, a short bout of HIIE had a positive effect on platelet engraftment through thrombocytosis and reduced platelet transfusion and its complications, which could be a useful strategy for HSCT patients. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1965 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1965/1038

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 249 253 Mohammad Jafar Sharifi 1)Division of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2)Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Negar Gheibi Department of Information Technology , Aliasghar Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Fatemeh Panahi Division of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Sedigheh Sharifzadeh 1) Division of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2) Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Nahid Nasiri 1) Division of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2)Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2024 02 05 2024 05 12 Background: Hematological abnormalities in COVID-19 infection included quantitative and qualitative changes and should be further characterized. Evaluation for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is usually prompted by abnormal hematologic findings and the presence of dysplastic morphologies. Viral infections are considered to be the cause of dysplastic morphologies and should be considered by morphologists. There are few reports of dysplastic abnormal morphologies in patients with COVID-19 infection. However, such correlations still have to be clarified. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we examined the granulocyte lineage morphological abnormalities in symptomatic RT-PCR-confirmed COVID patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 82 patients with symptomatic COVID-19. Blood smears were prepared according to the standard Wright-Giemsa staining procedure. The morphological examination was carried out by two laboratory experts. Results: Blood smear examination revealed common myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) type abnormalities including but not limited to pseudo-pelger nuclear lobulation (4.8%), hypogranulation (7.3%), Howell-Jolly-like bodies or detached nuclear segments (6.0%) and elongated and thin nuclear filaments (6.0%). One case of abnormal immature granulocyte and ring form nucleus is also evident. Conclusion: Our results accounted for the possibility of active COVID-19 infection in all subjects with granulocyte dysplasia. These results are of practical importance for patients suspected of having myelodysplastic syndromes or disease processes associated with myeloid malignancies.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2169 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2169/1039

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 254 261 Thu Nguyen Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Huu Than Huynh Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Hung Tran Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Quang Nguyen Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Phu Huynh Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Nam Hoang Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Tuan Ma Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Duong Do Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Dung Phu Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Man Huynh Stem Cell Transplantation Department, Blood Transfusion Hematology Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 2022 11 17 2023 08 15 Background: Busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) is considered one of the classical myeloablative conditioning regimens. However, its toxicity can significantly increase mortality rates. To reduce both acute and long-term complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), newer conditioning regimens are being investigated. The purposes of this study were to assess the efficacy and safety of busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) and busulfan plus fludarabine (Bu/Flu) conditioning regimen for allogeneic HSCT (allo-HSCT) in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Materials and Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective analysis of AML, both adults and children, who underwent either Bu/Cy or Bu/Flu conditioning regimen for allo-HSCT and received peripheral blood stem cell transplants from HLA-matched donors. Results: From 2005 – 2019, 49 AML patients receiving Bu/Cy and 21 receiving Bu/Flu were identified, meeting inclusion criteria. The two groups showed no significant differences in age, gender, disease status pre-transplant, the median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment. Bu/Flu patients had a shorter duration of neutropenia (median 7 days vs 10 days, p = 0.001) and shorter duration of thrombocytopenia (median 10 days vs 15 days, p = 0.016) than Bu/Cy.  No difference was observed in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that age, disease status pre-transplant, and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) are related to worse DFS and OS. Conclusion: With similar efficacy to Bu/Cy but faster neutrophil and platelet recovery time, Bu/Flu is suitable as a pre-HSCT conditioning regimen for patients with AML. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1937 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1937/1040

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 262 273 Kien Do National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam Tu Do National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam Tai Nguyen National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam Duc Le National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam Linh Phan National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam Chu Nguyen 1) National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam 2) Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam 2022 10 31 2023 07 23 Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type is a rare, aggressive, and poor prognostic subtype. The concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by chemotherapy showed a relatively high response rate and the toxicity due to the treatment is acceptable. The study attempted to report the clinicopathological features, the survival outcome, and response rates of stages I-II, nasal type ENKTL patients treated with CCRT followed by adjuvant VIPD chemotherapy in Vietnam. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on 31 stage I or II NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal-type patients received by CCRT, followed by adjuvant VIPD chemotherapy. Information on patient demographics, disease stage, clinical symptoms, tumor, and paraclinical characteristics were collected. The primary endpoints of this study were OS and response rates. Results: After CCRT, 26 out of 31 (83.9%) patients had stable disease or response. Overall response rate (ORR) was observed in 80.6% of patients with a complete response rate of 67.7%. Low-risk PINK patients had a higher response rate than the intermediate- risk group(p=0.038). Mean disease-free survival was 44.3±4.5 months (95% CI, 35.4-53.1 months). Mean overall survival was 46.8±4.5 months (95% CI, 37.99-55.8 months). The intermediate-risk PINK patients had a significantly lower OS rate than low-risk patients. Conclusion: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant VIPD chemotherapy showed a high response rate and survival benefit in stages I-II, nasal type, and extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma Vietnamese patients.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1926 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1926/1041

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 274 284 Ayda Baghery Saghchy Khorasani Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Mina Soufizomorrod Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Davood Bashash Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 10 18 2023 08 29 Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells, terminally differentiated B cells, with complications like hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, and bone disease, which are also known as CRAB criteria. MM develops from monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS), a pre-malignant plasma cell dyscrasia. Over some time, MGUS has the potential to progress into smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), which can evolve into MM. MM rarely progresses into plasma cell leukemia (PCL), a condition in which malignant plasma cells no longer stay in the bone marrow niche and circulate in the peripheral blood. In MM, various soluble factors play important roles, and  interleukin-6 has different vital roles.  Interleukin-6, an inflammatory cytokine, has significant roles in the growth, survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, and apoptosis resistance in MM. Interleukin-6 is produced and secreted by both autocrine from myeloma cells and paracrine from bone marrow stromal cells. To tackle MM, various therapeutic approaches were applied over many years, and according to the results, most patients with MM can respond well to first-line treatment. However, the majority of patients may relapse as conventional treatment may not be curative. So, there is an urgent need for novel cell-based and cell-free therapeutic strategies, such as mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies and their products to offer new therapeutic strategies for MM. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we investigated the impacts of exosomes derived from human placental mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) on apoptosis and interleukin-6 expression in a myeloma cell line, U-266, for the first time. hPMSCs were isolated from the human placenta and cultured in a DMEM medium. After characterizing the cells and acknowledging their identity, they underwent several passages and their supernatant was collected to harvest exosomes. The exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by DLS and TEM, and their concentration was measured by BCA protein assay. U266 cells were treated with different concentrations of exosomes and then MTT and annexin/propidium iodide flow cytometry tests were performed to evaluate cell viability. Afterward, a real-time PCR test was performed to evaluate interleukin-6 gene expression. Results: According to our findings, treatment of U-266 cells with hPMSCS-derived exosomes led to the preservation of myeloma cells without changes in their cell cycle. Surprisingly, treatments did not hinder the expression of interleukin-6 in the myeloma cells. Conclusion: In MM patients, interleukin-6 plays different roles, and it is a desirable target to design new therapeutic strategies. To evaluate the effects of new therapeutic strategies, we designed and performed our study to estimate the effects of cell-free therapeutic strategy.  In the present study, the impacts of hPMSCS-derived exosomes on the viability of MM cells and interleukin-6 gene expression were evaluated. The results showed that hPMSCS-derived exosomes resulted in the perseverance of myeloma cells without changes in the cell cycle.  Furthermore, the interleukin-6 gene expression level showed no significant change.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1919 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1919/1047

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 18 3 2024 07 18 285 296 Usama Al-Jumaily Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq Hamid Rjeib Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq Sabah Al-Mosawy Department of Pediatrics, Children Teaching Hospital, Kerbala, Iraq Safa Faraj Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Wasit University, Wasit, Iraq Monika Metzger Department of Pediatrics, St. Jude Children`s Research Hospital, Memphis, USA 2022 09 14 2024 03 16 Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) management varies throughout developing nations. This observational study aims to present the results of children having HL who received various combinations of chemotherapy treatment. The response-based method was used regardless of the risk classification. Materials and Methods: We recruited patients≤ 18 years of age diagnosed with HL in an Iraqi cancer center between January 2014 and December 2021. By stratifying patients, three risk categories were identified. Every patient initially received two cycles of ABVD as induction chemotherapy. Following induction chemotherapy, patients showing a full radiological response continued on ABVD chemotherapy for 4-6 cycles without receiving radiotherapy. Patients showing a modest initial response received three additional courses of COPDac next to the third cycle of ABVD, followed by radiotherapy. Results: This study included fifty-nine patients with a median age of 7 years. Stage III patients accounted for 33.9% (n=20), then stage II (32.2%). B symptoms were present in 25 patients. Eleven children had initial splenic involvement. Fifty-two individuals (n = 19; 32.2%) had bulky disease. Mixed cellularity was the most prevalent histology (n=44). The median duration of follow-up was 2.7 years. EFS was 78% ±10%, and survival was 92% at 5-year estimation. Bulky disease was the only factor with a substantial unfavorable impact on the result. Conclusion: Response-based approach is a valuable strategy in nations with limited resources to prevent long-term sequelae from unnecessary radiotherapy.    https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/1910 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/1910/1042