Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 198 209 Sepideh Hassanpour Khodaei Department of Dentistry, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) Famagusta, North Cyprus Mersin 10, Turkey Leila Roshangar Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Jafar Soleimani Rad Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Shahnaz Sabetkam Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kyrenia, Mersin 10, Kyrenia, Turkey 2024 08 14 2025 05 03 Background: The Wound healing process, as a coordinated physiological mechanism, is a critical subject in medicine. The slow healing and scar formation associated with numerous conventional therapies have led researchers to seek new and more effective therapeutics.  This study evaluated the effects of Mummy material, Wharton Jelly Stem Cells (WJSCs), and Adipocyte Stem cells (ASCs) on the fibroblast migration and proliferation. Materials and Methods: It was demonstrated that fibroblast cells could attach to three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in the mentioned microenvironment. ASCs and WJSCs were enriched from human adipose tissue and women undergoing cesarean section, respectively. The proliferation rate, migration, expression of fibronectin, collagen I, III, and cell adhesion on PCL scaffold in the presence of mummy material were investigated. Results: The results emphasized the importance of Mummy material, ASCs, and WJSCs in the migration and proliferation of fibroblast cells. The presence of the aforementioned components and cells enhanced the expression of fibronectin (FN1) and collagen types I and III. Additionally, the mummy material was found to promote the proliferation of ADSCs and WJSCs seeded on the PCL scaffold. Together, these findings demonstrate a valuable in vitro technique for studying the healing process. Conclusion: As a result, the potential for using Mummy material and stem cell-based therapeutics in wound healing is exciting. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2300 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2300/1086

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 237 247 Alireza Sadeghi Moghaddam Bijari Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Alijanianzadeh Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Hoda Keshmiri Neghab Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran 2024 08 12 2025 05 03 The skin is a vital organ that plays a crucial role in healing disruptions and abnormalities. Cutaneous wound healing faces some obstacles in certain abnormalities, including in diabetic patients. Various therapeutic approaches have been explored to enhance healing and restore skin integrity. In recent years, exosomes have been introduced as a new cell-free therapy for wound healing. They are defined as naturally secreted nanovesicles released from most cell types into the extracellular space that can impact many targeted cells. In contrast to previous methods, exosomes have a longer half-life in target tissue and exert a more lasting effect. They also have fewer side effects thanks to their natural biological source. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely studied for their therapeutic potential, but those from other cell types, such as fibroblasts, remain less explored. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate existing research on the wound-healing effects of fibroblast-derived exosomes (FB-EXOs), highlighting their potential as a novel treatment strategy. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2299 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2299/1090

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 286 290 EN Atefeh Rezaee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran Tina Vosoughi Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran Mehran Hosseinzadeh Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran Mohammad Hossein Rastegar Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran 2024 04 16 2025 05 03 Sweet's syndrome is a rare dermatological condition characterized by a constellation of clinical features, including fever, neutrophilic leukocytosis, painful skin plaques, and dermal neutrophil infiltration. Various etiologies have been documented, encompassing both underlying diseases and pharmacological agents. We present a case involving a 35-year-old female patient who exhibited fever and progressive cutaneous lesions manifesting as a painful erythematous rash on the limbs and trunk. Initially misdiagnosed as seronegative lupus erythematosus, her condition did not improve. A skin biopsy revealed significant neutrophilic infiltration, and she subsequently developed leukocytosis, leading to a diagnosis of acute leukemia upon bone marrow examination. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, resulting in a relative improvement of her skin lesions. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2223 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2223/1093

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 210 214 Awad-Elkareem Abass Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia Isra Babiker Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan Alaa Mohmmed Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan Remaz Hamza Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan Salma Albashir Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan Ohood Osman Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan Safa Abbas Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan Amna Idris Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan 2024 03 06 2024 05 30 Background: The expression of anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) protein in B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPDs) can provide valuable prognostic information and assist in assessing minimal bone marrow (BM) infiltration. This study aimed to detect BCL-2 expression in B-CLPDs and correlate the findings with various clinicobiologic factors. Materials and Methods: Immunocytochemical staining was performed on mononuclear cell smears from 46 Sudanese patients, including 25 with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) and 21 with B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (B-NHL), who were enrolled during their visit to the Radiation and Isotope Centre and Fedail Hospital, Khartoum. Diagnosis was based on clinical examination, morphology, and immunophenotyping. Results: Among the 46 B-CLPD cases, BCL-2 expression was identified in 13 (28.2%), including 8/25 (32%) cases with B-CLL and 5/21 (23.8%) with B-NHL. No statistically significant associations were found between BCL-2 expression and age, sex, total white blood cell count, disease stage, and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels (all P>0.05). However, BM involvement was significantly associated with BCL-2 expression (P=0.02). Conclusion: The immunocytochemical staining method effectively detects BCL-2 protein in B-CLPDs, even in cases with minimal BM infiltration, thereby facilitating the correlation of this protein’s expression with morphological and other clinicobiologic features. By combining cytologic morphology with immunocytochemistry, this technique enables earlier and more accessible evaluation of BM involvement. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2193 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2193/1087

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 248 260 I Made Adi Narendranatha Komara Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Central General Hospital Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Ketut Suega Medical Hemato-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Ni Made Renny Anggreni Rena Medical Hemato-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia I Wayan Losen Adnyana Medical Hemato-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia 2024 08 08 2024 12 18 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood. This study aims to conduct a five-year update on induction chemotherapy's efficacy, safety, and prognostic value in patients with AML. Based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was performed on online databases for relevant studies on complete remission with incomplete hematologic response (CRi), complete remission (CR), adverse events, and overall survival. The articles obtained were observational studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Revised Cochrane’s risk-of-bias tool. The analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and R Statistical Software 3.3. Thirteen clinical trial studies, involving 1,863 participants, were included in this survey. Based on the analysis, the CRi and CR levels, where each was obtained as a whole at 9% (random effect; 95%CI 6-13%; heterogeneity; https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2294 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2294/1091

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 291 295 Vishnu Sharma Department of General Medicine, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Sidharth Mahajan Government Medical College, Amritsar, India Vansh Bagrodia Department of General Medicine, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Jahanvi Grover PGIMS, Rohtak, India Vaibhav Oberoi Government Medical College, Amritsar, India 2024 03 03 2024 05 29 This case study outlines the complex treatment journey of a 53-year-old male diagnosed with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). Despite initial therapy with Imatinib and a subsequent switch to Dasatinib and then Bosutinib due to treatment resistance and adverse effects, the patient experienced multiple unexpected complications, including bilateral pleural effusions, pulmonary arterial hypertension, renal impairment, and neurological symptoms. Bosutinib was identified as the likely cause, leading to its discontinuation and transition to Nilotinib, which resulted in a sustained molecular response without further adverse events. Through this case report and literature review, we aim to expand the dimensions of the toxicity profile of bosutinib.                                                           https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2187 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2187/1094

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 3 2025 07 21 215 222 Elamathi Manoharan Department of Hematology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India Thulasi Ramalingam Department of Hematology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India Revathy Raj Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India Lakshman Vaidhyanathan Department of Hematology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India 2024 05 09 2025 06 02 Background: This study aimed to evaluate the rate of neutrophil and platelet engraftment in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. Additionally, it sought to assess whether engraftment kinetics were influenced by CD34+ cell dose, CD3+ cell dose in T cell-replete transplants with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy), and the type of stem cell transplantation. Materials and Methods: The study included 60 pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between August 2023 and January 2024. Flow cytometry was used to quantify CD34+ cells. A peripheral smear and the haematology analyzer were used to measure the platelet count and neutrophils study attempted to estimate the disease burden of Beta-Hemoglobinopathies among the selected tribes residing in Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study includes the data from 62 study participants belonging to the tribes residing in Sitteri hills and Balajangamanahalli – a village in the plains of Nallampalli, Dharmapuri. A semi–structured questionnaire was administered to collect socio–demographic details, and 5 ml of blood was collected for hematological tests: Complete Blood Count (CBC), Peripheral Smear, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: Out of the 62 study participants, 43% (n=27) were anemic. Chi-square test of association revealed significant associations between Gender and Anemia, Mentzer’s Index and Anemia, and Mentzer’s Index and HbA2. The present study has reported the disease burden of Beta-Hemoglobinopathies to be 37.1%, in which beta-thalassemia trait/minor was 24.19%, sickle cell beta-thalassemia, beta-thalassemia intermedia, beta-thalassemia major/intermedia, and sickle cell disease were 3.23% each. Conclusion: Family screening may be conducted to clarify the inheritance patterns of the disease, and genetic counseling should be offered to at-risk couples. To confirm the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies, genetic studies are required to confirm the type of mutations that cause Hemoglobinopathies. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2199 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2199/1076

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 2 2025 04 20 118 125 Lahya Afshari Saleh Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Occupational Medicine, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mohammad Taha Khorashadizadeh Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Soodabeh Shahid Sales Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hamed Tabesh Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Ehsan Rafeemanesh Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hossein Zakeri Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2024 04 07 2025 03 02 Background: Return to work (RTW) significantly impacts the quality of life of cancer survivors and carries substantial economic and social implications. This study investigates the RTW rate among colorectal cancer patients post-surgery. Materials and Methods: Colorectal cancer patients referred to the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences oncology clinics were enrolled based on inclusion criteria and after obtaining oral consent. Each participant completed a checklist and a questionnaire on the quality of working life for colorectal cancer patients. The checklist included age, gender, insurance type, annual income, marital status, occupation, hospitalization duration, medical history, occupational profile, health status, and disease stage. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 57 patients were included, with 54 (94.7%) males. Forty-four patients (77.2%) returned to work in their previous or new roles. Among these, 27 (47.4%) worked full-time, 17 (29.8%) part-time, and 13 (22.8%) did not RTW. No significant relationship was found between RTW and factors such as age (p=0.116), gender (p=0.547), residence (p=0.333), insurance type (p=0.083), job type (p=0.526), history of chronic diseases (p=0.432), or cancer treatment method (p>0.999). However, significant correlations were observed between RTW and the quality of life questionnaire score (p=0.001), length of hospitalization (p=0.041), and annual income (p<0.001). Conclusion: Approximately 77% of colorectal cancer patients returned to work following treatment. Shorter hospital stays and higher income were associated with greater RTW rates. Additionally, the quality of working life questionnaire score was strongly correlated with RTW (p=0.001). https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2218 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2218/1077

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 2 2025 04 20 126 137 Sana Abbasi Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AliAkbar Movassaghpour Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Masoud Soleimani 1) Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2) Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Asghari Molabashi Department of Plant Molecular Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran 2024 05 14 2025 04 20 Background: Most cancers are treated through chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, these methods have limitations due to cancer cells evading immune detection, prompting researchers to explore alternatives such as immunotherapy. Nonetheless, cancer cells can weaken the immune response, necessitating improvements in immunotherapy methods. Exosomes, tiny cell-derived nanoparticles, reflect the traits of their originating cells. Natural Killer NK cells produce exosomes comprising perforin, granzyme, Fas-L, etc. The small size, proximity to tumors, and stability of these exosomes enable easy absorption by cancer cells. This study demonstrates that IL-15 impacts NK-derived exosomes, enhancing their ability to kill cancer cells. Materials and Methods: With the addition of 100 nanograms per milliliter of IL-15 to NK-92 cell culture, the cells are incubated for 48 hours. Exosomes are then isolated from treated and non-treated NK-92 cell lines through the ultracentrifuge method. After isolation, different concentrations of exosomes from both groups are added to HL-60 cells for treatment. After 24 hours, the apoptosis rate is assessed through the Annexin-V method. Results: Increased light absorption in the BCA test, along with thicker bands of CD63 and CD81 in the Western blotting test, indicate a higher yield of exosomes after adding IL-15 to the source cells. The low p-value from the t-test demonstrates that exosomes derived from stimulated NK cells are more cytotoxic than those from the control group. Further, two-way ANOVA confirms differences between the control and treatment groups at each concentration, and Welch’s t-test proves that all differences in the ANOVA test are significant. Conclusion: This article presents evidence that exosomes obtained from IL-15-induced NK cells not only increase in quantity but also demonstrate significant cytotoxicity against leukemic cells compared to exosomes obtained from non-stimulated NK cells. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2244 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2244/1078

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 2 2025 04 20 138 150 EN Naveed Syed Department of Hematology-Oncology, Sheikh Shakbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE Imrana Afrooz Department of Clinical Research, Sheikh Shakbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE Farooq Mir Department of Hematology-Oncology, Sheikh Shakbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE Azmat Khan Department of Hematology-Oncology, Sheikh Shakbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE Nada Abdulla Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medical Sciences, Dubai, UAE Shakir Hussain 1)Department of Hematopathology, Sheikh Shakbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE 2) Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE Ashok Chandani Department of Hematology-Oncology, Sheikh Shakbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE Amera Hassan University of Chicago, Chicago, USA Hanin Samad Rashid Hospital, Dubai, UAE Gehad Ghazali 1) Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Union71, Pure Health, Abu Dhabi, UAE 2) College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, UAE Shahrukh Hashmi 1) Mohammed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE 2) Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE 3) Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA 4) Department of Health, Abu Dhabi, UAE 2024 02 04 2024 08 31 Background: Patients from regions without stem cell transplantation (SCT) facilities often seek treatment abroad and return home for post-transplant care. Although extensive data exist on graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and its risk factors, information on international SCT patients returning to countries that lack transplant facilities and expertise is scarce and not well documented. Materials and Methods: We screened 149 transplant recipients and analyzed the data of 91 patients who received transplants abroad and were followed up at our center from January 2019 to December 2022. This observational study used data from electronic medical records and employed descriptive statistics, inferential tests, and relative risk calculations with forest plots to analyze the prevalence of GVDH and its key risk factors. Results: Of the recipients, 31.8% were residents of nine countries residing in the UAE, and 67.2% were UAE citizens. Adults comprised 48.3% of the recipients, whereas 51.7% were pediatric patients. Hematological malignancy was the most common indication (49%), primarily in adults. Siblings comprised the majority of donors (52.6%), followed by related (23.09%) and unrelated donors (8.9%). Most patients (69.2%) received HLA-identical transplants, followed by 21.9% who received haplo-identical transplants. Among adults, 62.2% developed GVHD compared to 26% of pediatric patients. Recipients from related HLA-identical donors had a 50% prevalence of GVDH, whereas those from unrelated identical donors had a 71% prevalence. The overall prevalence of GVDH was 50% in 87.9% of patients who received allogeneic SCTs. Conclusion: Despite favorable factors, such as young age and matched related donors, we found a high prevalence of GVDH. Ocular GVHD was less prevalent than expected, and lung GVHD was weakly correlated with established risk factors. Larger multicenter studies are needed to assess and confirm the effect of contributing factors. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2168 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2168/1079

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 2 2025 04 20 151 157 Mehdi Dehghani Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Reza Vojdani Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Abolfazl Khalafi-Nezhad Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Reza Ravanbod Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mani Ramzi Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Shima Dehdashti Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Erfan Taheri Fard Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Nasrin Namdari Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2023 11 08 2024 01 23 Background: High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the standard treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in cases of relapsed or refractory disease. Various salvage chemotherapy regimens have been introduced with specific response rates, toxicity profiles, costs, and stem cell damage before stem cell harvest. The optimal salvage regimen for these patients is unclear. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective analysis, 276 patients with HL and NHL with relapsed or refractory disease after initial treatment that received ESHAP (etoposide, methylprednisolone, cytosine arabinoside, and platinum) or IEV (ifosfamide, epirubicin, etoposide) as salvage regimen were included. We aimed to compare the efficacy of these two chemotherapy regimens as a life-saving treatment in recurrent or refractory disease. Results: The mean age of patients was 33.96 ± 12.39 years. Hodgkin's lymphoma accounted for 60.1% and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (DLBCL) accounted for 39.9% of patients. The overall response rate (ORR) was 79.8% (50% complete response (CR)) for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma who received the ESHAP and 85.6% (55.1% CR) for the IEV regimen. Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who received the ESHAP plus rituximab regimen had an ORR of 60.9% (CR 40.3%), and patients who received the IEV + Rituximab chemotherapy regimen had an ORR of 72.4% (CR 42.4%) (P = 0.03). However, the mortality rate was lower in patients who received the IEV chemotherapy regimen. Conclusion: IEV treatment is superior to ESHAP in patients with recurrent or refractory Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/2114 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/2114/1080

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 19 2 2025 04 20 1