Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 89 91 EN Ghasem Miri-Aliabad Assistant Professor of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Children and Adolescent Health Research center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Somayeh Rashidi Pediatrician, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran 2017 03 15 2017 04 01 Hepatitis A is common in children and usually is a self-limiting disease.  Although extrahepatic and hematological immune manifestations following acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection have rarely been reported, they are frequently observed in other viral hepatitis. In this paper, we report the case of a 3-year-old girl who developed immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and hemolytic anemia after HAV infection. She was presented with malaise, pallor, ecchymosis, petechiae and purpura on the trunk and extremities. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/775 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/775/541

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 92 95 EN Ghasem Miri-Aliabad Assistant professor of pediatric hematology-oncology, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Ali Khajeh Department of Pediatrics, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Tooran Shahraki Department of Pediatrics, Children and Adolescent Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. 2016 06 08 2016 07 13 Introduction: Hepatitis A virus is the most prevalent viral hepatitis. It is globally a major public health problem with different clinical symptoms. This study aimed at investigating the clinical findings and prevalence of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in children with hepatitis A. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, demographical information, clinical findings, and G6PD level of hepatitis A patients, who were visited at Pediatric Hematology clinic, were entered into the database. The diagnosis of hepatitis A infection was based on the presence of anti-HAV IgM antibody. The activity of G6PD enzyme was measured with florescent spot test. Results: Of the 117 children with hepatitis A, 52 (44.4%) were male and 65 (55.6%) were female. The mean age of these patients was 2.79±5.39 years. The most prevalent clinical manifestations were dark yellow urine and anorexia. G6PD deficiency was observed in 26 (26.3%) out of 99 patients whose G6PD levels were measured. Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of G6PD deficiency in this study, the measurement of G6PD level along with other liver and biochemical markers in areas with endemic hepatitis A is recommended. In addition, it is recommended that patients undertake precise monitoring for hemolysis and renal function.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/624 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/624/543

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 96 101 EN Amir Hossein Norooznezhad Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Maryam Keshavarz Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Fatemeh Norooznezhad Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Kamran Mansouri Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2016 01 22 2016 06 07 Background: Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is among the most important physiological and pathological processes that occur in the body. Under pathological conditions such as tumor growth, psoriasis, corneal neovascularization and rheumatoid arthritis, angiogenesis is substantial for the development of the disease. Zataria multiflora is a member of the Labiatae family with a vast range of traditional uses which has been long known and applied in Iran old medicine. The aim of this study was the evaluation of anti-angiogenic potential of Zataria multiflora. Materials and Methods: In this study, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated from newborn umbilical veins and then cultured for cytotoxicity (LDH test) assay. Regarding LDH results, following tests such as angiogenesis (cytodex-3 micro carrier) and migration (wound healing) tests were designed. Results: The cytotoxicity assays showed no toxicity of Z.multiflora toward HUVECs in the range of 10-450µg/mL of the extract. This extract was also able to inhibit angiogenesis and migration at 200µg/mL. Conclusions: Our data clearly demonstrated an inhibitory effect of Z.multiflora on angiogenesis and migration of HUVECs. Z.multiflora could be introduced as a significant angiogenesis inhibitor for angiogenesis-dependent diseases in further complementary studies.     https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/553 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/553/544

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 102 107 EN Hamidreza Fasehee Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Group, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran , Iran Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh Hematology, Oncology and Stem cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Kamran Alimoghaddam Hematology, Oncology and Stem cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Seyed H. Ghaffari Hematology, Oncology and Stem cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Shahab Faghihi Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Group, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran , Iran 2016 02 24 2016 05 08 Background: Disulfiram is oral aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitor that has been used in the treatment of alcoholism. Recent studies show that this drug has anticancer properties; however, its rapid degradation has limited its clinical application. Encapsulation of disulfiram polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) may improve its anticancer activities and protect rapid degradation of the drug. Materials and Methods: A poly (lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA) was developed for encapsulation of disulfiram and its delivery into breast cancer cells. Disulfiram encapsulated PLGA NPs were prepared by nanoprecipitation method and were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The loading and encapsulation efficiency of NPs were determined using UV-Visible spectroscopy. Cell cytotoxicity of free and encapsulated form of disulfiram is also determined using MTT assay. Results: Disulfiram encapsulated PLGA NPs had uniform size with 165 nm. Drug loading and entrapment efficiency were 5.35 ±0.03% and 58.85±1.01%. The results of MTT assay showed that disulfiram encapsulated PLGA NPs were more potent in induction of apoptosis compare to free disulfiram. Conclusion:Based on the results obtained in the present study it can be concluded that encapsulation of disulfiram with PLGA can protect its degradation in improve its cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/571 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/571/545

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 108 113 EN Ramin Shekarriz Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Vaziri Department of Internal Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2016 01 18 2016 02 25 Background: It has been suggested that inflammatory state due to obesity can lead to alteration in iron metabolism. Women in reproductive age are at higher risk of iron deficiency. In this study, we aimed to evaluate inflammatory status and iron markers in young overweight and obese women. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 120 young and healthy women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 were enrolled. Biochemical data including iron profile and inflammatory markers were analyzed using mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and multivariate multiple regression model via MANOVA. Results: Iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin < 120 g/l) and iron deficiency without anemia (serum ferritin<30.0 mg/l) were detected in 21.67% and 33.33% of participants, respectively. Multivariate modeling showed that BMI was a significant predictor of transferrin saturation (p = 0.037), CRP (p = 0.013), soluble transferrin receptor (p=0.045), and soluble transferrin receptor/ ferritin ratio (0.015). Conclusion: The results of this study supported the positive association between obesity and inflammation and mild changes in iron markers.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/551 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/551/546

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 114 120 EN Farhad Zaker Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Dept. of Haematology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nahid Nasiri Dept. of Haematology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Naser Amirizadeh Blood transfusion research center, High institute for education and research in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohsen Razavi Hematology and Oncology Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Marjan Yaghmaie Hematology, Oncology and Stem cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Ladan Teimoori-Toolabi Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Ali Maleki Dept of Haematology, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Bakhshayesh Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 04 05 2016 07 02 Background: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) include a diverse group of clonal bone marrow disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and pancytopenia.It was found that down regulation of APAF1, a putative tumor suppressor gene (TSG),leads to resistance to chemotherapy and disease development in some cancers. In this study, we investigated the relation of APAF1 methylation status with its expression and clinicopathological factors in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Materials and Methods: Methylation Sensitive-High Resolution Melting Curve Analysis (MS-HRM) was employed in studying the methylation of CpG islands in the APAF1promoter region in MDS. Gene expression was analyzed by using real time RT-PCR. Results: 42.6% of patient samples were methylated in promoter region of APAF1 analyzed, while methylation of the genewas not seen in controls (P<0.05). Methylation of APAF1 was significantly associated with the suppression of its mRNA expression (P=0.00). The methylation status of APAF1in advanced-stage MDS patients (80%) was significantly higher than that of the early-stage MDS patients (28.2%) (P=0.001). The difference in frequency of hypermethylated APAF1 gene was significant between good (37.5%) and poor (85.71%) cytogenetic risk groups (P=0.043). In addition, a higher frequency of APAF1 hypermethylation was observed in higher-risk MDS group (69.2%) compared to lower-risk MDS group (34.14%) (P=0.026). Conclusion: Our study indicated that APAF1hypermethylation in MDS was associated to high-risk disease classified according to the IPSS, WHO and cytogenetic risk. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/590 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/590/548

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 2 2017 04 03 121 132 EN Faten A.M. Abo-Aziza Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt Zaki A.A Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 2016 04 09 2016 05 15 Background: In the field of cellular therapy, the impact of confluence degree on harvesting or differentiation of BMMSCs and the effect of cell-to-cell contact remain controversial. Therefore, the effect of confluence on properties of BMMSCs was studied and efficiency of confluence-associated osteogenic differentiation was identified. Materials and Methods: The impact of 20, 50, 70, 80 and 100% confluences on proliferation properties of BMMSCs, expression of ERK and p-ERK proteins and glucose consumption rate was studied. Efficiency of confluence-associated osteogenic differentiation was identified by determining calcium deposition, Alizarin Red staining, ALP activity and expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin genes. Results: There was a correlation between confluence % and BMMSCs density. Viability was declined at the lower and higher confluences. The highest CFU-F, Brd-U uptake and population doubling were obtained at 80% confluence. ERK band intensity in 100% confluent BMMSCs was lower compared to other confluences. Bands of p-ERK were highly detectable in 70% and 80% confluences. Glucose consumption rate of 70% and 80% confluences in the last days were higher than 20% and 100% confluences. Although higher osteogenic differentiation was estimated at 80% confluence using calcium deposition, Alizarin Red staining and ALP activity, it was also extended at 100% confluence Osteopontin gene was expressed among all confluences including 100% confluence, while osteocalcin gene was expressed highly in 70% confluent cells. Conclusion: We concluded that the optimum seeding density for maximal expansion and harvesting purposes is 80% confluence and for osteogenic differentiation up to 100% confluence is also acceptable. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/592 https://urnal> 29 34 EN R. Gupta Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India K. Rahman Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India M. Singh Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India S. Kumari Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India G. Yadav Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India S. Nityanand Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow, India 2017 01 07 2018 01 02 Background:  Diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is challenging in the presence of morphological mimickers. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI) has been added to the diagnostic armamentarium, but its use in clinical practice is variable. Materials and Methods: Bone marrow aspirate samples from 54 patients with a clinical and/or morphological suspicion of MDS were subjected to FCI using a single-tube, 6-colour panel comprising of monoclonal antibodies against CD13, CD11b, CD16, CD34, CD45 and CD56. Analysis was centered on the abnormal maturation pattern of granulocytes, blast percentage (≥3%) and ratio of side scatter peak channel value (SSC-PCV) of granulocytes and lymphocytes. Each of these parameters was assigned a score of 1. Overall sensitivity and specificity of this panel was ascertained to differentiate cytopenia/s of MDS from non-MDS cases. Results: Forty MDS and 14 non-MDS cases were diagnosed based on morphology and cytogenetic results. Twenty control samples were also processed simultaneously for FCI to assign the cutoff for various flow cytometric parameters. A score ≥2 was defined as positive for MDS. Hypogranularity was present in 62.5% cases of MDS. The median SSC-PCV of granulocytes and lymphocytes was 6.16 in the MDS group, 7.9 in the non-MDS group and 8.90 in the control group (p <0.05). This cut-off value of 6.16 had a specificity of 92.5% based on the ROC curve analysis. Abnormal granulocyte maturation patterns for CD13/16, CD13/11b and CD11b/16 dot plots were observed in 95.3, 69.8 and 74.4% cases, respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity of the panel was found to be 87.5% and 64.2%, respectively. Conclusion:  FCI is now an important tool for diagnostic workup in patients presenting with persistent cytopenia with or without morphological evidence of dyspoiesis. Inclusion of objective parameters like SSC-PCV would also reduce inter-lab variability in MDS diagnosis.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/728 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/728/595

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 1 2018 01 05 35 42 EN Behrooz Ghezelbash Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran Azita Azarkeivan Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Iranian Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Thalassemia Clinic, Tehran, Iran Ali Akbar Pourfathollah Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Deyhim Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Biochemistry Department, Tehran, Iran Esmerdis Hajati Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Flow Cytometry Department, Tehran, Iran Alireza Goodarzi Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran 2017 02 04 2018 01 02 Background: Some of the red cell storage lesions (RCSLs) take place during red blood cell (RBC) storage and may reduce the function of these cells dramatically, which mostly caused by residual leucocytes in blood components. This study was planned to observe the biochemical and hematological changes in pre-storage leukoreduced RBC (LR-RBC) compared with unfiltered RBC during in vitro storage.  Materials and Methods: Ten unit RBCs were collected, processed and stored according to Iranian standard operating procedure (SOP) of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO). Every unit was split into two equal parts, unfiltered RBC and LR-RBC. Samples were collected and tested on weeks of storage. Biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate concentration and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity were measured by auto-analyzer. In addition, hematology analyzer was used to monitor the change of RBC indices such as (MCV), (MCH) and (MCHC). Results: In this study, both groups showed progressive increase of LDH and lactate levels, and also G6PD activity decreased during storage. Mean of LDH and lactate in unfiltered RBC was significantly increased compared with LR-RBC during all days of storage (p< 0.05). There was statically significant decrease in the G6PD enzyme activity between the two groups and weeks of storage (p< 0.05). However, the RBC indices remained within the expected levels in both groups. Conclusion: LR-RBC and RBC both exhibited RCSL during storage, but LR-RBC is effective in reducing Red cell storage lesion (RCSL) and also improves the quality of stored red blood cells. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/744 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/744/596

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 1 2018 01 05 43 48 EN Majid Naderi Genetic Researcher Center in Non-Communicable Disease, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Manijeh Habibpour Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shaban Alizadeh Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Kashani Khatib Hematology Department, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Tehran, Iran Akbar Dorgalaleh Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammed Awal Issah Department of Hematology, International Campus, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Naadali Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 10 16 2018 01 02 Background: Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare autosomal disease. HPA (Human Platelet Alloantigen) is a surface polymorphic alloantigen of platelets. This study was intended to investigate and compare the polymorphism of HPA-1 and HPA-5 genes in two groups of GT patients, with and without resistance to platelet and recombinant factor VII therapy. Materials and Methods: This case control study was performed on GT patients (n=16) with resistance to platelet therapy and recombinant factor VII and control group of GT patients (n=16) without resistance to platelet therapy and recombinant factor VII. The consent form was completed by each patient. Gene polymorphisms of HPA-1 and HPA-5 were investigated using SSP-PCR, and the obtained data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS16.0. Results: The results indicated no significant relationship between the studied genes and their resistance to platelet therapy and recombinant factor VII. The frequencies of HPA-1 genotype a/a were 98% and 94% in patient and control groups, respectively. The frequency of allele b was found to be less than allele a. The value of this allele was 4% in patient group and 1% in control group. In addition, the HPA-5a/a (98%) was the most frequent alloantigen?? (check it) in both groups. Seven percent (7%) of the patients had the HPA-5a/b genotype, and the HPA-5b/b was found to be absent in these individuals. Conclusion: According to the results obtained, it could be concluded that these genes play no role in resistance to platelet therapy.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/685 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/685/597

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 1 2018 01 05 49 56 EN Mohammad Kazemi Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AND Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AND Medical Genetic Center of Genome, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Farinaz Khosravian Medical Genetic Center of Genome, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Amir Abbas Sameti Isfahan Dental Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Alireza Moafi Department of Pediatric Hematology, School of Medicine and Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mohammad Reza Merasi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mansour Salehi Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AND Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. AND Medical Genetic Center of Genome, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Majid Nejati Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mohaddeseh Behjati Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 11 26 2018 01 02 Background: Acute leukemia is a common pediatric cancer. Novel strategies for treatment of acute leukemia have been developed, but treatment resistance has remained as the most problematic issue. It is hypothesized that the HO-1 gene up-regulation is responsible for tumor resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy-induced apoptosis. HO-1 expression levels have been related to (GT)n microsatellite polymorphisms in the location of its promoter.This study designed to compare allelic frequencies of (GT)n microsatellite polymorphisms in HO-1 gene between acute leukemia patients and healthy controls. Indeed, 3-year disease-free survival was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: The study included 63 acute leukemia patients and 70 healthy infants. We used patient’s medical records to collect data regarding the post-chemotherapy survival. The number of GT repeats in HO-1 promoter was determined by an ABI 3100 sequencer. Results: The HO-1 GT repeats ranged from 14 to 34 with peaks at 27 repeats in both cases and controls. Children with longer alleles ((GT)n ≥ 27) had enhanced 3-year survival rate after treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy (P<0.05). Conclusion: Although no significant differences were observed between leukemia patients and controls regarding allelic frequency, we found elevated frequency of “LL” genotype in leukemia patients with good 3-year surveillance. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy might elevate the expression levels of HO-1 with subsequent increased resistance of leukemia patients to therapy.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/708 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/708/602

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 1 2018 01 05 57 64 EN Fatemeh Javanmardi Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Amal Saki-Malehi Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. AND Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Ahmad Ahmadzadeh Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Fakher Rahim Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center