Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 4 2018 07 11 264 271 EN Prita Pradhan Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India Biswajit Dey Department of Pathology, Andaman and Nicobar Islands Institute of Medical Sciences, Port Blair, India Bheemanathi Srinivas Department of Urology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Reserach, Puducherry, India Sajini Jacob Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India Roopesh Kumar Rathakrishnan Department of Neurosurgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pundicherry, India 2017 09 20 2018 07 11 Background: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a rare tumour of children and young adults, particularly for those with features of anaplasia. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study comprises five cases of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas diagnosed over a period of 4 years in a tertiary care institute.  A detailed linicopathological and immunohistochemical profile of the tumours were noted from the hospital database. Results: Five cases of anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas were evaluated for their clinicoradiological, histomorphological as well as immunohistochemical findings, which included 3 females and 2 males, with age range of 11-40 years and a mean age at presentation of 22 years. Histologically a solid cystic biphasic tumour with moderate to high cellularity, spindled pleomorphic astrocytes, hyperchromatic nuclei showing moderate to marked atypia, intranuclear inclusions, ≥5 mitoses per 10 high power fields, with evidence of necrosis and atypical mitoses was noted. One of the cases showed transformation into glioblastoma with evidence of spinal metastasis on follow-up. The tumours expressed both glial as well as neuronal markers with expression of CD34 with increased Ki 67 ranging between 5-20%. Conclusion: It was concluded that PXA, a low-grade glioneuronal tumour, can show odd site presentation, marked pleomorphism, increased mitosis, atypical mitoses and increased Ki 67 when associated with features of anaplasia. An appropriate panel of immunohistochemical markers in conjunction with a detailed evaluation of histomorphological features and clinicoradiological information are useful for its diagnosis. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/861 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/861/760

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 4 2018 06 07 272 280 EN Nidal Al-Rahal The National Center of Hematology, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq 2018 01 09 2018 06 07 Background: Consanguineous marriage is defined as inbreeding between second cousins or closer. In such families there will be a potential increase in the autosomal recessive traits with its lethal effect, with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in the new generation.  Inherited bleeding disorders (InBDs) are rare complicated diseases, difficult and expensive to treat, the defect usually due to quantitative or qualitative deficiency of clotting factors, platelets or fibrinolysis. This study attempts to assess the diversity, the frequency and the clinical features of inherited bleeding disorders (InBDs) in central part of Iraq and to determine the state of consanguineous marriage. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the National Center of Hematology NCH, Baghdad, Iraq between June2014 and June 2017. In total, 256 pediatrics and adult patients were included. Full bleeding history, family history, drug history and consanguineous marriage were recorded and followed by medical examination.  First-line laboratory tests were performed and then were followed by further tests included mixing study, lupus anticoagulant testing, clotting factor activity assay, von Willebrand Antigen (VW: Ag), Ristocetin co factor vWF: RiCoF activity and platelet function test. Results: The range of age was from 1 month to 57 years, with mean age 8.424±8.623 years and median age of 6.5years. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1. The most common age group was in the range of 1-10 years (46.45%). Family history was positive in 55.07% of patients (P >0.05). The consanguinity was found in 76.95% of the families studied (P <0.0001).  The most prevalent InBD was von Willebrand disease (42.98%) with majority type 3VWD (86.4%). The second most prevalent was thrombasthenia (36.71%) and the majority had Glanzmann’s thrombosthenia (86.2%). Rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) were observed in 6.25% of patients and the most common factor deficiency was FVII.  Conclusion: Consanguinity is high in patients with inherited bleeding disorders in Iraq, leading to emergence of life-threatening autosomal recessive inherited diseases. Genetic counselling is recommended besides education and awareness to minimize such rare illnesses in the community. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/897 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/897/748

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 4 2018 07 29 290 296 EN Mozaffar Aznab Department of Internal Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Anisodowleh Nankali Department of Obs & Gyn, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Sara Daeichin Department of Obs & Gyn, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2017 09 27 2018 07 29 Background: The present study was conducted to determine the response to treatment in patients with GTN, the survival rate and to investigate the outcomes of first pregnancy after chemotherapy. Materials and Methods:  The treatment protocol was based on the FIGO Staging of GTN and the Modified WHO Prognostic Scoring. Results: Complete remission was achieved with MTX in 100% of the low-risk patients and with combination therapy in 91% of the high-risk cases. Out of 27 low-risk patients, 21 had no metastasis 6 had lung metastasis, 18 preserved their fertility and conceived in the first year following the chemotherapy. Out of 3 patients who had developed invasive moles, 1 got pregnant after chemotherapy. Four of the patients with choriocarcinoma conceived in the first year following the chemotherapy. In the patient with placental site trophoblastic tumors, there was no pregnancy due to hysterectomy. Conclusion: GTN was found to be a chemosensitive condition, but more effective therapeutic protocols are therefore required. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/865 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/865/750

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 4 2018 05 22 297 301 EN Rashmi Koul Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Reem Alomrann Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Shrinivas Rathod Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Julian Kim Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Ahmet Leylek Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Naseer Ahmed Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Bashir Bashir Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Amitava Chowdhury Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Lawrence Tan Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Arbind Dubey Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada 2018 02 06 2018 05 22 Background Primary tracheal cancers (PTCs) are rare and current evidence-based understanding is limited to retrospective reports and national databases. We present single institutional study of a historical cohort of PTC from Canadian provincial cancer registry database. Materials and Methods: After institutional research ethics board approval, all PTC patients diagnosed from 1980 to 2014 were identified through the Canadian provincial cancer registry. Demographic and tumor related factors were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and cox hazard regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 30 patients were included in the study. At presentation, 10 patients (33%) had only local disease, 14 patients (47%) had locoregional disease and the remaining 4 patients (13%) had distant metastasis. The majority of patients underwent primary radiation treatment. The overall survival rate was 30% at 2 years and 16% at 5 years. Patients receiving radical-intent therapy had better 2-year DFS and OS compared to patients managed with palliative radiotherapy and best supportive care (46%, 17% and 0%) (p=<0.001) and (50%, 23% and 0%) (p=<0.001), respectively. Radiotherapy resulted in a better 2-year OS and DFS (32% versus 14%) (p=<0.03) and (32% versus 0%) (p=<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: PTC is an uncommon neoplasm making the study of the disease technically and logistically challenging. Radical radiotherapy alone is curative option in inoperable PTC. Intent of treatment and radiotherapy were associated with superior survival outcomes.   https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/911 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/911/755

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 4 2018 07 29 302 311 EN Mani Ramzi Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Abolfazl Khalafi-Nezhad Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mahdiyar Iravani Saadi Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Zahra Jowkar Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2018 02 26 2018 07 29 Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of transmembrane pattern-recognition receptors that play a crucial role in the realization of innate and adaptive immune response. TLRs may play a role in tumor development and growth because of expression or up-regulation of functional TLRs in some tumors and tumor cell lines. The participation of TLRs in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unspecified. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TLR2 and TLR4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AML patients in response to induction chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Eighty- five patients with newly diagnosed AML were evaluated. Using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR, the mRNA expression of genes TLR2 and TLR4 was measured before starting and after induction chemotherapy. The differences in the mean expression levels of TLR2 and TLR4 before and after chemotherapy were compared using a paired t-test. The mean expression levels of TLR2 and TLR4 regarding laboratory data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Chi-square test. Results: We found that the mRNA expression of TLR2 after induction chemotherapy was significantly lower as compared to before treatment (p=0.001). Also, we found a lower TLR4 gene expression level after chemotherapy as compared to before chemotherapy, albeit it was not statistically significant (p=0.21). Moreover, we observed significantly higher expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in AML-M3 cases compared to non-M3 AML patients. Conclusion: The decreased expression of TLR4 in leukemic samples after induction chemotherapy might indicate a novel potential prognostic role for this receptor, particularly in AML-M3 cases. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/923 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/923/751

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 12 4 2018 07 29 312 316 EN Khatereh Pourmohamadi Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Ahmad Ahmadzadeh Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mahmood Latifi Health Research Institute, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2018 05 28 2018 07 29 Background: Cancer affects the physical, psychological, and social aspects of the patients’ life. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common and severe condition among cancer patients. Ginseng has long been used as an efficient treatment for CRF and improvement of quality of life (QOL). The present study aims to assess the efficacy of Panax Ginseng (PG) in reducing CRF in patients with non-metastatic cancer. In addition, the safety of the medication is evaluated. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective clinical trial conducted on the patients (n=113) suffering from non-metastatic colon cancer (age range: 20-70 years old) referring to the Shafa Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran for chemotherapy treatment. After the chemotherapy sessions, the patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received daily dose of 100 mg PG for 30 days and the second group received placebo medication. The demographic information and clinical parameters of the patients including age, sex, weight, symptoms of fatigue, depression, sleep disturbances, and pain were measured pre and post intervention. Afterwards, the variables were compared in each group and between the groups. Results: Results of study showed that the ginseng improved the quality of life and mood in the subjects. (P<0.0001) and no difference was observed in the placebo group (P=0.887). Conclusion: The use of ginseng may can effective on reducing CRF and the associated symptoms in the patients with cancer, but further studies should be conducted for the evaluation of comprehensive therapeutic efficacy. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/952 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/952/752 Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Issa Jahanzad Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ghazal Zahedi Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Mehdizadeh Breast Cancer Research Center, Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran 2015 12 04 2015 12 24 Background: Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) have a more aggressive course and are associated with poorer prognosis in comparison with other subtypes of breast cancer. One of the most common subtypes of TNBC is basal-like. The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathological characteristics and clinical course of TNBC in Iranian women and compare them with other studies. Subjects and Methods: Between March 2009 and February 2011, patients with breast cancer in Cancer Institute of Iran were selected and then followed-up for 2 years. Paraffin-embedded tumor block of all TNBC patients were evaluated for CK5/6 and EGFR using IHC method. Results: Among 267 breast cancer patients, 60 cases with TNBC were identified (22.5%), 31 patients (51.7%) had basal-like and 29 patients (48.3%) had non-basal-like tumors. The median age of participants with TNBC was 49.6 years. Among our patients, 70% had positive lymph nodes.93.4% of all patients at the time of diagnosis were stage II or III and tumor size was at least 3 centimeters. No grade 1 TNBC was found in this study. During the follow-up period, there were 26 recurrences and 7 deaths. Conclusion: The percentage of basal-like subtype among Iranian women with TNBC was lower compared to other studies, while bone metastases, clinical stage, lymph node involvement and tumor size were higher. Clinicopathological findings in basal and non-basal-like subgroups were not different, but the probability of lymph node involvement was more common in patients who were EGFR positive. . https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/525 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/525/533

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 1 2016 12 29 43 48 EN Mehrdad Payandeh Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Masoud Sadeghi Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. AND Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Edris Sadeghi Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. AND Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Alireza Janbakhsh Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2015 12 13 2015 12 17 Background: In developed or developing countries, the most common cancer in women is breast cancer with a pick in 40–50 years in Asia. Herein, we compared the association between IHC with FISH in HER2-positive breast cancer patients and affection of trastuzumab on disease free survival and overall survival (OS). Subjects and Methods: Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of hormone receptors and HER2 was performed in 133 patients with breast cancer between 2003 and 2014. Patients were selected for Herceptin adjuvant treatment, according to IHC 3+ or FISH+. The specimens for pathology reports were fixed at 10% neutral-buffered formalin (pH=7.4) for 24 hours, then sliced into 4 μm sections. Results: The mean age of patients at diagnosis was 46.39 years (range, 24-78 years), 100% female. Concordance rates between IHC and FISH were 31.1% for IHC 2+ and 84.1% for IHC 3+ (p<0.001). The 87 patients had age ≤50 years and 46 patients had >50 years. Of the 133 patients, 30 patients (22.6%) had metastasis and 72 (54.1%) had right involvement. Ninety three (69.9%) patients had lymph node invasion. 48 patients (36.1%) were treated with trastuzumab and 85 (63.9%) were treated without trsastuzumab. The 10-year survival rate was 70% and the mean survival was 49 months. Conclusions: We recommend clinicians that FISH analysis is as a predictor in breast cancer patients with IHC score 2+. In contrast, FISH analysis of IHC 3+ samples was no useful. Trastuzumab therapy is effective and tolerated for breast cancer with IHC 3+ and probably IHC 2+/FISH+. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/534 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/534/534

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 1 2016 12 29 49 53 EN Nastaran Farzi Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Zahra Abrehdari-Tafreshi Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran Omid Zarei Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Leili Chamani-Tabriz Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2015 11 15 2016 03 16 Background: Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila) is a gram-negative bacterium which causes ‎Legionnaires’ disease as well as Pontiac fever. The Legionella infections in patients suffering from ‎neutropenia- as a common complication of cancer chemotherapy- can distribute rapidly. We ‎aimed to detect of L. pneumophila in haematological malignancy suffering patients with ‎neutropenic fever by targeting the (macrophage infectivity potentiator) mip gene. Subjects and Methods: Serum and ‎urine specimens were obtained from 80 patients and presence of mip gene of L. pneumophila in ‎specimens was investigated by PCR. Results: The L. pneumophila infection was detected in 21 (26.2%) and 38 ‎‎(47.5%) of urine and serum specimens, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the relative high ‎prevalence of L. pneumophila in the studied patients group which show the necessity of ‎considering this microorganism in future studies from detection and treatment point of view in ‎cancer patients. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/504 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/504/535

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 1 2016 12 29 54 47 EN Nasrin Amirifard Cancer Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mehrdad Payandeh Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mehrnoush Aeinfar Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Masoud Sadeghi Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Edris Sadeghi Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Somaye Ghafarpor Department of General Psychology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 2015 12 13 2015 12 17 Background: Emotional Intelligence (EQ) is positively associated with mental health and it can have a crucial role in mental disorder therapy by suitable coping mechanisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship of EQ with anxiety and depression among the women with breast cancer. Subjects and Methods: During 2013 and in a cross-sectional study, 98 breast cancer patients (14 to 21 years old) entered into the study. For data collection, the following instruments were the Bar-On EQ inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Cattle Anxiety Inventory. Results: There was an inverse relationship between anxiety with intrapersonal (p<0.01, r=0.39) and stress management (p<0.01, r=0.37) components and also between anxiety and total scores of EQ (p<0.05, r=0.22). There was an inverse significant association between depression and intrapersonal components (p<0.05, r=0.23), general mood (p<0.01, r=0.46) and adaptation (p<0.01, r=0.38) and also between depression and a total score of EQ (p<0.01, r=0.42). Conclusion: The results of this present study confirmed the important role of EQ. Also, the results can be an inspiration for the future studies regarding the training of EQ skills in the treatment of mental disorder (anxiety and depression) among patients with breast cancer. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/533 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/533/536

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 1 2016 12 29 58 62 EN Ipek Yonal-Hindilerden Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey Sevgi Kalayoglu-Besisik Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey Nuray Gurses-Koc Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey Fehmi Hindilerden Hematology Clinic, Istanbul Bakırkoy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Deniz Sargin Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey 2016 01 31 2016 02 25 Background: For adult ALL patients, the indications and appropriate timing of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) continue to be debated. The primary aim of this single-institution study was to compare the results of our adult ALL patients that had been allografted with those reported in the current literature. Subjects and Methods: This study included 53 consecutive adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) with myeloablative (92%) and reduced-intensity (8%) conditioning between 1993 and 2011. Results: Mean patient age was 27 years (SD:8.62) and donor age was 33.7 years (SD:9.47). Fourteen patients were in first remission; 21 in ≥2nd remission, 15 in relapse and 3 had primary refractory leukemia. Thirty-four, 15 and 4 patients received busulfan plus cyclophosphamide, cyclophosphamide/total body irradiation and fludarabine-based regimens, respectively. For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, cyclosporine plus methotrexate were used. Forty-six donors were related and 7 were unrelated. Thirty patients received granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized peripheral blood and 23 received bone marrow as stem cell source. Twenty-six patients relapsed at a mean duration of 11.3 months (SD:19.1). Forty-four patients succumbed to their disease after a mean follow-up of 13.6 months (SD:19.5). The cause of mortality was relapse (n=24; 54.5%) and transplant-related etiologies (n=20; 45.5%). The estimated five year probabilities of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 37% and 12%, respectively. Conclusion: By multivariate analyses, transplantation in first remission was the most important predictor of transplant success. https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/view/559 https://ijhoscr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijhoscr/article/download/559/537

Tehran University of Medical Sciences International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 11 1 2016 12 29 63 77 EN Roghayeh Hosseinikia Department of Health Education and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mohammad Reza Nikbakht Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Ali Asghar Moghaddam College of Veterinary Medicine, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran Ahmad Tajehmiri Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mahboobe Hosseinikia Department of Health Education and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Farhad Oubari Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mahin Nikougoftar Zarif Iranian Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran Yahya Pasdar Department of Health Education and Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran