Study of Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and CD34 Levels as a Predictive Marker for Initiating Apheresis in Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
-
Kiran PK
,
Vinu Sarathy P
,
Srinivas BJ
,
Girish V Badarkhe
,
Rajesh Kumar KS
,
Thianeshwaran S
,
Nitin Bayas
,
Suhail Syeed Mufti
,
Hrishi V
,
Radheshyam Naik
Abstract
Background: Autologous HCT in multiple myeloma is done as upfront treatment in newly diagnosed transplant eligible patients after induction chemotherapy. In addition, it is standard for relapsed, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and is curative in ~40% to 45% of patients. Over a decade many efforts were made to find helpful parameters to predict an optimal time for initiating an efficient peripheral blood stem cell collection so that adequate stem cells are collected. It has been well accepted that CD34+ cell count in peripheral blood before leukapheresis is the best parameter to predict CD34 cell yield. However, white blood cell count, mononuclear cell count, and other easily obtained parameters are still used to guide the clinical practice of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and collection.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, we analyzed the correlation between peripheral blood MNC and Apheresis CD34 levels and also between peripheral blood CD34 by flow cytometry and apheresis CD34 levels.
Results: We found that there was a statistically insignificant weak correlation between peripheral MNC and apheresis CD34. There was a statistically significant strong correlation between peripheral CD34 and apheresis CD34.
Conclusion: The results show that peripheral blood MNC was analogous indicating that no reliable prediction can be done for CD34 cells collected in apheresis while peripheral CD34 by flow cytometry is the strongest predictor for initiating stem cell collection.
REFERENCES
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10. Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Vesole DH, et al. Superiority of tandem autologous transplantation over standard therapy for previously untreated multiple myeloma. Blood. 1997; 89(3):789-93.
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14. Gisselbrecht C, Glass B, Mounier N, et al. Salvage regimens with autologous transplantation for relapsed large B-cell ly mphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol. 2010; 28(27):4184–90.
15. Schmitz N, Pfistner B, Sextro M, et al. Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin’s disease: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2002; 359(9323):2065–71.
16. Walker F, Roethke SK, Martin G. An overview of the rationale, process, and nursing implications of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.Cancer Nurs. 1994; 17(2):141-8.
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21. Zimmerman TM, Lee WJ, Bender JG, et al. Quantitative CD34 analysis may be used to guide peripheral blood stem cell harvests. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1995; 15(3): 439–44.
22. Körbling M, Huh YO, Durett A, et al. Allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation: peripheralization and yield of donor-derived primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD341 Thy-1dim) and lymphoid subsets, and possible predictors of engraftment and graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 1995; 86(7):2842-8.
23. Gutensohn K, Magens MM, Kuehnl P, et al. Increasing theeconomic efficacy of peripheral blood progenitor cellcollections by monitoring peripheral blood CD34+concentrations. Transfusion. 2010;50(3):656–62.
24. Davis BH, Foucar K, Szczarkowski W, et al. U.S.-Canadian Consensus recommendations on the immunophenotypic analysis of hematologic neoplasia by flow cytometry: medical indications. Cytometry.1997;30 (5): 249–63.
25. Duncan N, Hewetson M, Powles R, et al. Mehta. An economic evaluation of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as an alternative to autologous bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant.1996;18 (6): 1175–8.
26. Fontão-Wendel R, Lazar A, Melges S, et al. The absolute number of circulating CD34+ cells as the best predictor of peripheral hematopoietic stem cell yield. J Hematother.1999; 8 (3): 255–62.
27. Boulassel MR. Associations Among White Blood Cells, CD34+ Cells And GMCFU in Predicting The Optimal Timing of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Collections by Apheresis. J Assoc Physicians India. 2008; 56: 96-8.
28. Henon PR, Liang H, Beck-Wirth G, et al. Comparison of hematopoietic and immune recovery after autologous bone marrow or blood stem cell transplants. Bone Marrow Transplant.1993; 9(4): 285–91.
29. Allan DS, Keeney M, Howson-Jan K, et al. Number of viable CD34+ cells reinfused predicts engraftment in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2002; 29(12): 967–72.
30. Trébéden-Negre H, Rosenzwajg M, Tanguy ML, et al. Delayed recovery after autologous peripheral hematopoietic cell transplantation: potential effect of a high number of total nucleated cells in the graft. Transfusion. 2010; 50 (12): 2649–59.
31. Schots R, Van Riet I, Damiaens S, et al. The absolute number of circulating CD34+ cells predicts the number of hematopoietic stem cells that can be collected by apheresis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;17 (4):509–15
32. Yang S, Chen H, Chen Y, et al. Dynamics of monocyte count: A good predictor for timing of peripheral blood stem cell collection. J Clin Apher. 2012; 27(4):193-9.
33. Ishii Y, Fujisawa S, Nigauri C, et al. Peripheral Blood Monocyte Count is a Predictor of Successful Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Harvest After Chemo-Mobilization in Patients with Malignant Lymphoma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2018; 34(2):347-349.
34. Armitage S, Hargreaves R, Samson D, et al. CD34 counts to predict the adequate collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;20(7):587-91.
35. Hollingsworth K, Zimmerman T, Karrison T, et al. The CD34+ cell concentration in peripheral blood predicts CD34+ cell yield in the leukapheresis product. Cytotherapy. 1999;1(2):141-6.
36. Boulassel MR. Associations Among White Blood Cells, CD34+ Cells And GMCFU in Predicting The Optimal Timing of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Collections by Apheresis. J Assoc Physicians India. 2008;56:96-8.
37. Schots R, Van Riet I, Damiaens S, et al. The absolute number of circulating CD34+ cells predicts the number of hematopoietic stem cells that can be collected by apheresis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996; 17(4): 509–15.
38. Haas R, Möhle R, Frühauf S, et al. Patient characteristics associated with successful mobilizing and autografting of peripheral blood progenitor cells in malignant lymphoma. Blood. 1994; 83(12): 3787–94.
1. Thomas ED, Storb R. Technique for human marrow grafting. Blood. 1970; 36(4):507-15.
2. Thomas DB. The infusion of human fetal liver cells. Stem Cells. 1993; 11 Suppl 1:66-71.
3. Körbling M, Burke P, Braine H, et al. Successful engraftment of blood derived normal hemopoietic stem cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Exp Hematol. 1981; 9(6):684-90.
4. Gluckman E, Broxmeyer HA, Auerbach AD, et al. Hematopoietic reconstitution in a patient with Fanconi’s anemia by means of umbilical-cord blood from an HLA-identical sibling. N Engl J Med. 1989; 321(17):1174-78.
5. Kessigner A, Armitage JO, Smither DM, et al. High-dose therapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for patients with lymphoma. Blood. 1989; 74(4): 1260–1265.
6. Attal M, Harousseau JL, Stoppa AM, et al. A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. Français du Myélome. N Engl J Med. 1996;335(2):91–97.
7. Child JA, Morgan GJ, Davies FE, et al. High-dose chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem-cell rescue for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(19):1875–83.
8. Gianni AM, Tarella C, Bregni M, et al. High-dose sequential chemoradiotherapy, a widely applicable regimen, confers survival benefit to patients with high-risk multiple my eloma. J Clin Oncol. 1994; 12(3):503–509.
9. Palumbo A, Triolo S, Argentino C, et al. Dose-intensive melphalan with stem cell support (MEL100) is superior to standard treatment in elderly my eloma patients. Blood. 1999; 94(4):1248–1253.
10. Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Vesole DH, et al. Superiority of tandem autologous transplantation over standard therapy for previously untreated multiple myeloma. Blood. 1997; 89(3):789-93.
11. Khalid Ahmed Al-Anazi (November 5th 2018). Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Therapies, Update on Multiple Myeloma, Khalid Ahmed Al-Anazi, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.79999. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/update-on-multiple-myeloma/hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-in-multiple-myeloma-in-the-era-of-novel-therapies#B8.
12. Philip T, Guglielmi C, Hagenbeek A, et al. Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy -sensitive non-Hodgkin’s ly mphoma. N Engl J Med. 1995; 333(23):1540–5.
13. Philip T, Armitage JO, Spitzer G, et al. High-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation after failure of conventional chemotherapy in adults with intermediate-grade or high-grade non-Hodgkin’s ly mphoma. N Engl J Med. 1987; 316(24):1493–1498.
14. Gisselbrecht C, Glass B, Mounier N, et al. Salvage regimens with autologous transplantation for relapsed large B-cell ly mphoma in the rituximab era. J Clin Oncol. 2010; 28(27):4184–90.
15. Schmitz N, Pfistner B, Sextro M, et al. Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin’s disease: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2002; 359(9323):2065–71.
16. Walker F, Roethke SK, Martin G. An overview of the rationale, process, and nursing implications of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.Cancer Nurs. 1994; 17(2):141-8.
17. Kapustay PM. Blood cell transplantation: concepts and concerns. Semin Oncol Nurs. 1997;13(3):151-63.
18. National Cancer Institute. Bone marrow transplantation and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation fact sheet. Available at: http://cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/bone-marrow-transplant. Accessed July 7, 2009.
19. Hooper PJ, Santas EJ. Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1993;20(8): 1215-21.
20. Shea TC, DiPersio JF. Mobilization of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic cells for cellular therapy. In: Applebaum FR,Forman SJ, Negrin RS, Blume KG, eds. Thomas’ Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2009:590-604
21. Zimmerman TM, Lee WJ, Bender JG, et al. Quantitative CD34 analysis may be used to guide peripheral blood stem cell harvests. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1995; 15(3): 439–44.
22. Körbling M, Huh YO, Durett A, et al. Allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation: peripheralization and yield of donor-derived primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD341 Thy-1dim) and lymphoid subsets, and possible predictors of engraftment and graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 1995; 86(7):2842-8.
23. Gutensohn K, Magens MM, Kuehnl P, et al. Increasing theeconomic efficacy of peripheral blood progenitor cellcollections by monitoring peripheral blood CD34+concentrations. Transfusion. 2010;50(3):656–62.
24. Davis BH, Foucar K, Szczarkowski W, et al. U.S.-Canadian Consensus recommendations on the immunophenotypic analysis of hematologic neoplasia by flow cytometry: medical indications. Cytometry.1997;30 (5): 249–63.
25. Duncan N, Hewetson M, Powles R, et al. Mehta. An economic evaluation of peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as an alternative to autologous bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant.1996;18 (6): 1175–8.
26. Fontão-Wendel R, Lazar A, Melges S, et al. The absolute number of circulating CD34+ cells as the best predictor of peripheral hematopoietic stem cell yield. J Hematother.1999; 8 (3): 255–62.
27. Boulassel MR. Associations Among White Blood Cells, CD34+ Cells And GMCFU in Predicting The Optimal Timing of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Collections by Apheresis. J Assoc Physicians India. 2008; 56: 96-8.
28. Henon PR, Liang H, Beck-Wirth G, et al. Comparison of hematopoietic and immune recovery after autologous bone marrow or blood stem cell transplants. Bone Marrow Transplant.1993; 9(4): 285–91.
29. Allan DS, Keeney M, Howson-Jan K, et al. Number of viable CD34+ cells reinfused predicts engraftment in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2002; 29(12): 967–72.
30. Trébéden-Negre H, Rosenzwajg M, Tanguy ML, et al. Delayed recovery after autologous peripheral hematopoietic cell transplantation: potential effect of a high number of total nucleated cells in the graft. Transfusion. 2010; 50 (12): 2649–59.
31. Schots R, Van Riet I, Damiaens S, et al. The absolute number of circulating CD34+ cells predicts the number of hematopoietic stem cells that can be collected by apheresis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;17 (4):509–15
32. Yang S, Chen H, Chen Y, et al. Dynamics of monocyte count: A good predictor for timing of peripheral blood stem cell collection. J Clin Apher. 2012; 27(4):193-9.
33. Ishii Y, Fujisawa S, Nigauri C, et al. Peripheral Blood Monocyte Count is a Predictor of Successful Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Harvest After Chemo-Mobilization in Patients with Malignant Lymphoma. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2018; 34(2):347-349.
34. Armitage S, Hargreaves R, Samson D, et al. CD34 counts to predict the adequate collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;20(7):587-91.
35. Hollingsworth K, Zimmerman T, Karrison T, et al. The CD34+ cell concentration in peripheral blood predicts CD34+ cell yield in the leukapheresis product. Cytotherapy. 1999;1(2):141-6.
36. Boulassel MR. Associations Among White Blood Cells, CD34+ Cells And GMCFU in Predicting The Optimal Timing of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Collections by Apheresis. J Assoc Physicians India. 2008;56:96-8.
37. Schots R, Van Riet I, Damiaens S, et al. The absolute number of circulating CD34+ cells predicts the number of hematopoietic stem cells that can be collected by apheresis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996; 17(4): 509–15.
38. Haas R, Möhle R, Frühauf S, et al. Patient characteristics associated with successful mobilizing and autografting of peripheral blood progenitor cells in malignant lymphoma. Blood. 1994; 83(12): 3787–94.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 15, No 3 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v15i3.6847 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Peripheral CD34 cells; Apheresis CD34 cells; Predictive marker for apheresis | ||
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How to Cite
1.
PK K, Sarathy P V, BJ S, Badarkhe G, KS R, S T, Bayas N, Mufti S, V H, Naik R. Study of Peripheral Mononuclear Cells and CD34 Levels as a Predictive Marker for Initiating Apheresis in Autologous Stem Cell Transplant. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2021;15(3):170-177.
