Assessment the Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Wharton's Jelly Stem Cells on the Expression of Homing Genes: CXCR4 and VLA-4 in Cell Line of Prostate Cancer
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Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in the male that affects the health, social and economic life of person. Different compounds such as Wharton jelly, have been used to treat prostate cancer. Wharton jelly is a tissue rich in cells with mesenchymal morphology. Wharton jelly compound inhibited the growth of various cancer cells, including ovarian, osteosarcoma, breast, and prostate cancers, and also reduced the expression of CXCR4 and VLA-4 genes involved in the metastasis process.
Materials and Methods: To do this research, Wharton jelly stem cells and DU145 cancer cell line were cultured. After cell culture, the effect of Wharton jelly on this cell line was evaluated by scratching and MTT assay. The expression of CXCR4 and VLA-4 genes was also evaluated by Real-time PCR.
Results: The results of MTT and Scratching tests showed that Wharton jelly inhibited the growth of DU145 cancer cells and also decreased the expression level of CXCR4 and VLA-4 genes.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Wharton jelly can be considered as an effective compound for decreasing metastasis of prostate cancer.
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29. Khakoo AY, Pati S, Anderson SA, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma. J Exp Med. 2006;203(5):1235-47.
30. Zhang C, Yang SJ, Wen Q, et al. Human-derived normal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in anticancer therapies. J Cancer. 2017;8(1):85-96.
2. Carter H, Partin A, Retik A, et al. Diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. Campbell, s urology. Sydney: Elsevier science publishers; 2002.
3. Chambers AF, Groom AC, MacDonald IC. Dissemination and growth of cancer cells in metastatic sites. Nat Rev Cancer . 2002;2(8):563-72.
4. [Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/metastasis.
5. Xu C, Zhao H, Chen H, et al. CXCR4 in breast cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic targeting. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015;9:4953-64.
6. Müller A, Homey B, Soto H, et al. Involvement of chemokine receptors in breast cancer metastasis. Nature. 2001;410(6824):50-6.
7. Larson RS, Corbi AL, Berman L, et al. Primary structure of the leukocyte function-associated molecule-1 alpha subunit: an integrin with an embedded domain defining a protein superfamily. J Cell Biol. 1989;108(2):703-12.
8. Fong CY, Subramanian A, Gauthaman K, et al. Human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly stem cells undergo enhanced chondrogenic differentiation when grown on nanofibrous scaffolds and in a sequential two-stage culture medium environment. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2012;8(1):195-209.
9. Lin HD, Bongso A, Gauthaman K, et al. Human Wharton’s jelly stem cell conditioned medium enhances freeze-thaw survival and expansion of cryopreserved CD34+ cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2013;9(2):172-83.
10. Rachakatla RS, Marini F, Weiss ML, et al. Development of human umbilical cord matrix stem cell-based gene therapy for experimental lung tumors. Cancer Gene Ther. 2007;14(10):828-35.
11. Ayuzawa R, Doi C, Rachakatla RS, et al. Naive human umbilical cord matrix derived stem cells significantly attenuate growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett. 2009;280(1):31-7.
12. Tamura M, Kawabata A, Ohta N, et al. Wharton's jelly stem cells as agents for cancer therapy. Tissue Eng Regen Med .2011;4:39-47.
13. Maurya DK, Doi C, Kawabata A, et al. Therapy with un-engineered naive rat umbilical cord matrix stem cells markedly inhibits growth of murine lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:590.
14. Chao KC, Yang HT, Chen MW. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress breast cancer tumourigenesis through direct cell–cell contact and internalization. J Cell Mol Med . 2012;16(8):1803-15
15. Liu J, Han G, Liu H, et al. Suppression of cholangiocarcinoma cell growth by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: a possible role of Wnt and Akt signaling. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e62844.
16. Ma Y, Hao X, Zhang S, et al. The in vitro and in vivo effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on the growth of breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(2):473-85
17. Wu S, Ju GQ, Du T, et al. Microvesicles derived from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells attenuate bladder tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e61366.
18. Lin HD, Fong CY, Biswas A, et al. Human Wharton's jelly stem cells, its conditioned medium and cell-free lysate inhibit the growth of human lymphoma cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2014;10(4):573-86.
19. Kawabata A, Ohta N, Seiler G, et al. Naive rat umbilical cord matrix stem cells significantly attenuate mammary tumor growth through modulation of endogenous immune responses. Cytotherapy. 2013;15(5):586-97.
20. Subramanian A, Shu‐Uin G, Kae‐Siang N, et al. Human umbilical cord wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells do not transform to tumor‐associated fibroblasts in the presence of breast and ovarian cancer cells unlike bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem. 2012;113(6):1886-95.
21. Kim JH, Lee HJ, Song YS. Stem cell based gene therapy in prostate cancer. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:549136.
22. Gauthaman K, Yee FC, Cheyyatraivendran S, et al. Human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cell (hWJSC) extracts inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro. J Cell Biochem. 2012;113(6):2027-39.
23. Abe M, Hiura K, Ozaki S, et al. Vicious cycle between myeloma cell binding to bone marrow stromal cells via VLA-4–VCAM-1 adhesion and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and MIP-1β production. J Bone Miner Metab. 2009;27(1):16-23.
24. Balkwill F. The significance of cancer cell expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Semin Cancer Biol. 2004;14(3):171-9.
25. Libura J, Drukala J, Majka M, et al. CXCR4–SDF-1 signaling is active in rhabdomyosarcoma cells and regulates locomotion, chemotaxis, and adhesion. Blood. 2002;100(7):2597-606.
26. Honn KV, Tang DG. Adhesion molecules and tumor cell interaction with endothelium and subendothelial matrix. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1992;11(3-4):353-75.
27. Albelda S. Role of integrins and other cell adhesion molecules in tumor progression and metastasis. Lab Invest. 1993;68(1):4-17.
28. Diao XW, Feng JY, Wang QW, et al. SDF-1/CXCR4 axis promotes prostate cancer cell invasion and bone metastasis through p38, NF-κB and HIF-1α pathways. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2016;9(2):2706-17.
29. Khakoo AY, Pati S, Anderson SA, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma. J Exp Med. 2006;203(5):1235-47.
30. Zhang C, Yang SJ, Wen Q, et al. Human-derived normal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in anticancer therapies. J Cancer. 2017;8(1):85-96.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 16, No 3 (2022) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v16i3.10138 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Prostate cancer; Wharton jelly; CXCR4 gene; VLA-4 gene | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Irani R, Maleki M, Vahdani Kia V, Safavi E, Sadi Khosroshahi N. Assessment the Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Wharton’s Jelly Stem Cells on the Expression of Homing Genes: CXCR4 and VLA-4 in Cell Line of Prostate Cancer. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2022;16(3):157-163.
