Protein C and S Deficiency in Deep Vein Thrombosis Patients Referred to Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Kermanshah

Abstract

Introduction: Normal homeostasis system has several inhibitor mechanisms in front of the amplifier’s natural clotting enzyme to prevent fibrin clots in the vessels. The main inhibitors of coagulation pathway are antithrombin (AT), protein C and protein S. Patients with hereditary deficiency of coagulation inhibitors are susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE). One of the major clinical manifestations of VTE is deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The present study has investigated the frequency of protein C and S deficiency among DVT patients that by using of these results and results from our previous study; we determined the most important hereditary risk factors for DVT in the Kermanshah Province of Iran with the Kurdish ethnic background.
Materials and methods: We studied 150 patients from the Kermanshah Province of Iran with Kurdish ethnic background. Patients with hereditary risk factors were excluded from the study. Estimation of protein C and protein S were performed using kits from STAGO, France (Diagnostica Stago).
Results: After excluding patients with confounding factors, 50 patients were remained. We found 14 patients (28%) with protein C deficiency and 10 patients (20%) with protein S deficiency. Also, 2 patients (4%) had both protein C and S deficiency.
Conclusion: Comparing the results of this study with our previous study on DVTpatients indicates that among inherited risk factors for DVT in our population the deficiency of protein C, S and FVL mutation are the most prevalent factors. Our results show that our population has different pattern for hereditary risk factors compared with other Asian pattern for DVTpatients.