Frequency of Hereditary Coagulation Risk Factors in Deep Vein Thrombosis Patients Referred to Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Kermanshah

Abstract

Introduction: The main inhibitors of coagulation pathway are antithrombin (AT), protein C and protein S. These inhibitors are necessary to prevent thromboembolism. Hereditary deficiency of inhibitors is the main cause of alteration in balance between the anti-clotting and the formation of thrombin. Patients with this abnormality are susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE). Two major clinical manifestation of VTE are deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The aim of present study was to investigate the frequency of coagulation inhibitor proteins and resistance to activated protein C (APC-R) in DVT patients from Kermanshah province of Iran with Kurdish ethic background.
Materials and methods: We investigated all patients with thrombophilia who referred to Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization from May 2011 to March 2012. The levels of protein C,
protein S and antithrombin were measured using STAGO kits, France (Diagnostica Stago) and the APC-R level was detected using Pefakit^® kit.
Results: After excluding patients with confounding factors, 54 patients were remained. Our results showed that acquired risk factors are the most common causes of DVT in the present study. In our study protein C deficiency was found to be the most hereditary risk factor followed in frequency by APC-R. Also, in 16 patients (29.6%) there were combined hereditary risk factors with deficiency in 2 or 3 factors.
Conclusion: Our results showed protein C deficiency was the prevalent cause of DVT in our patients. Also, different pattern of hereditary risk factors in our patients compared to other regions of Iran could be attributed to different ethnic background of our patients.