HHV-8 Linked to Kaposi's Sarcoma and Castleman's Disease in HIV-1-infected patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Abstract
Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) are both linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection which most commonly affects people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Herein, we describe the case of a 57-year-old patient who has been admitted for fever, night sweats, weight loss, and diffuse lymphadenopathy with abdominal pain. HIV status was confirmed by a positive Western blot test. His initial CD4 cell count was equal to 270 cells/µL. A histological study of a peripheral lymph node concluded that KS is associated with MCD. These two conditions found in the same patient highlight the malignant potential of HHV-8, particularly in the case of HIV-induced immunodeficiency.
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2. Gaba AR, Stein RS, Sweet DL, et al. Multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia. Am J Clin Pathol. 1978;69(1):86-90.
3. Lachant NA, Sun NCJ, Leong LA, et al. Multicentric angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman’s disease) followed by Kaposi’s sarcoma in two homosexual males with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Am J Clin Pathol. 1985;83(1):27–33.
4. Chang Y, Cesarman E, Pessin MS, et al. Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma. Science 1994;266(5192):1865–9.
5. Mamimandjiami AI, Mouinga-Ondémé A, Ramassamy JL, et al. Epidemiology and Genetic Variability of HHV-8/KSHV among Rural Populations and Kaposi’s Sarcoma Patients in Gabon, Central Africa. Review of the Geographical Distribution of HHV-8 K1 Genotypes in Africa. Viruses. 2021;13(2):175.
6. De Souza VAUF, Sumita LM, Nascimento MC, et al. Human herpesvirus-8 infection and oral shedding in Amerindian and non-Amerindian populations in the Brazilian Amazon Region. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(6):844–52.
7. Dow DE, Cunningham CK, Buchanan AM. A review of human herpesvirus 8, the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, in the pediatric population. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2014;3(1):66-76.
8. Casper C, Wald A, Pauk J, et al. Correlates of prevalent and incident Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection in men who have sex with men. J Infect Dis. 2002;185(7):990-3.
9. Coscoy L. Immune evasion by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Future Microbiol. 2010;5(9):1349-65.
10. Diehl S, Rincón M. The two faces of IL-6 on Th1/Th2 differentiation. Mol Immunol. 2002;39(9):531-6.
11. Neipel F, Albrecht JC, Ensser A, et al. Human Herpesvirus 8 Encodes a Homolog of Interleukin-6. J Virol. 1997;71(1):839-42.
12. Wen KW, Damania B. Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV): Molecular biology and oncogenesis. Cancer Lett. 2010;289(2):140-50.
13. Castillo J, Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. HIV-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: Lessons learned from 112 published cases. Am J Hematol. 2008 Oct;83(10):804-9.
14. Eaton C, Dorer R, Aboulafia DM. Human Herpesvirus-8 Infection Associated with Kaposi Sarcoma, Multicentric Castleman’s Disease, and Plasmablastic Microlymphoma in a Man with AIDS: A Case Report with Review of Pathophysiologic Processes. Patholog Res Int. 2010;2011: 647518.
15. Boivin G, Gaudreau A, Routy JP. Evaluation of the human herpesvirus 8 DNA load in blood and Kaposi’s sarcoma skin lesions from AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2000;14(13):1907-10.
16. Sparano JA, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, et al. Rituximab plus concurrent infusional EPOCH chemotherapy is highly effective in HIV-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2010; 115(15):3008–16.
2. Gaba AR, Stein RS, Sweet DL, et al. Multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia. Am J Clin Pathol. 1978;69(1):86-90.
3. Lachant NA, Sun NCJ, Leong LA, et al. Multicentric angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman’s disease) followed by Kaposi’s sarcoma in two homosexual males with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Am J Clin Pathol. 1985;83(1):27–33.
4. Chang Y, Cesarman E, Pessin MS, et al. Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma. Science 1994;266(5192):1865–9.
5. Mamimandjiami AI, Mouinga-Ondémé A, Ramassamy JL, et al. Epidemiology and Genetic Variability of HHV-8/KSHV among Rural Populations and Kaposi’s Sarcoma Patients in Gabon, Central Africa. Review of the Geographical Distribution of HHV-8 K1 Genotypes in Africa. Viruses. 2021;13(2):175.
6. De Souza VAUF, Sumita LM, Nascimento MC, et al. Human herpesvirus-8 infection and oral shedding in Amerindian and non-Amerindian populations in the Brazilian Amazon Region. J Infect Dis. 2007;196(6):844–52.
7. Dow DE, Cunningham CK, Buchanan AM. A review of human herpesvirus 8, the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, in the pediatric population. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2014;3(1):66-76.
8. Casper C, Wald A, Pauk J, et al. Correlates of prevalent and incident Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection in men who have sex with men. J Infect Dis. 2002;185(7):990-3.
9. Coscoy L. Immune evasion by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Future Microbiol. 2010;5(9):1349-65.
10. Diehl S, Rincón M. The two faces of IL-6 on Th1/Th2 differentiation. Mol Immunol. 2002;39(9):531-6.
11. Neipel F, Albrecht JC, Ensser A, et al. Human Herpesvirus 8 Encodes a Homolog of Interleukin-6. J Virol. 1997;71(1):839-42.
12. Wen KW, Damania B. Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV): Molecular biology and oncogenesis. Cancer Lett. 2010;289(2):140-50.
13. Castillo J, Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ. HIV-associated plasmablastic lymphoma: Lessons learned from 112 published cases. Am J Hematol. 2008 Oct;83(10):804-9.
14. Eaton C, Dorer R, Aboulafia DM. Human Herpesvirus-8 Infection Associated with Kaposi Sarcoma, Multicentric Castleman’s Disease, and Plasmablastic Microlymphoma in a Man with AIDS: A Case Report with Review of Pathophysiologic Processes. Patholog Res Int. 2010;2011: 647518.
15. Boivin G, Gaudreau A, Routy JP. Evaluation of the human herpesvirus 8 DNA load in blood and Kaposi’s sarcoma skin lesions from AIDS patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2000;14(13):1907-10.
16. Sparano JA, Lee JY, Kaplan LD, et al. Rituximab plus concurrent infusional EPOCH chemotherapy is highly effective in HIV-associated B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2010; 115(15):3008–16.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 18 No 2 (2024) | |
| Section | Case Report(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i2.15378 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) Kaposi’s sarcoma Multicentric castleman’s disease (MCD) HIV | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Zaghdoudi A, Harrabi H, Tiouiri Benaissa H. HHV-8 Linked to Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Castleman’s Disease in HIV-1-infected patient: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2024;18(2):202-205.
