Assessment of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) Frequency in Healthy Blood Donors in the Central Region of Iran, Yazd
-
Zahra Naderipour
,
Farzane Behnezhad
,
Javad Charostad
,
Mohsen Nakhaie
,
Nadieh Baniasadi
,
Yaser Ghelmani
,
Fateme Akhavan Tafti
,
Azam Dehghani
,
Akram Astani
Abstract
Background: Torque teno virus (TTV) is a globally prevalent virus in humans, yet comprehensive knowledge about its prevalence, predominant transmission routes, and pathogenesis remains limited. This study aimed to assess the frequency of TTV infection among healthy blood donors in Yazd, Iran.
Materials and Methods: A total of 236 healthy blood donors, devoid of HIV/HBV/HCV infection markers, participated in the study from 2015 to 2016. Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) utilizing a set of oligo primers for the 5΄- UTR region was employed to detect TTV DNA in serum samples.
Results: The TTV genome was identified in 161 out of 236 (61.2%) healthy blood donors. The mean age for men and women was 43 and 57 years, respectively. Of the participants, 156 were male, and 107 were female. Donor age exhibited a significant association with virus presence (P=0.007); however, gender did not show a statistically significant association with the frequency of TTV infection in healthy blood donors (P=0.3).
Conclusion: The study revealed a notably high frequency of the Torque teno virus in Yazd province, aligning with similar findings globally. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the clinical implications of the virus in the healthy population.
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11. Vasilyev EV, Trofimov DY, Tonevitsky AG, et al. Torque Teno Virus (TTV) distribution in healthy Russian population. Virol J. 2009;6:134.
12. Zhong S, Yeo W, Lin CK, et al. Quantitative and genotypic analysis of TT virusinfection in Chinese blood donors. Transfusion. 2001;41(8):1001-7.
13. Khudair EA, Al-Shuwaikh AM, Farhan NM. Detection of TTV Antigen in Patients with Hepatitis HBV and HCV. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2019;17(1):43-9.
14. Berkhouse HT. A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Torque Teno Virus Infection and Bushmeat Exposure Among Pneumonia Patients: Sarawak, Malaysia: Duke University; 2017.
15. Siahpoush M, Noorbazargan H, Kalantari S, et al. Coinfection of torque teno virus (TTV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples of women living in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 2022;14(2):181-185.
16. Nakhaie M, Makvandi M, Charostad J, et al. Downregulation of miR-143/145 Cluster in Breast Carcinoma Specimens: Putative Role of DNA Oncoviruses. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2020;13(12): e110685.
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18. Focosi D, Spezia PG, Macera L, et al. Assessment of prevalence and load of torquetenovirus viraemia in a large cohort of healthy blood donors. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(10):1406-10.
19. Bouzari M, Baygloo S. Primers designed for detection of TT virus also detect SEN virus. Res J Biol Sci. 2008;3(9):1063-6.
20. Desai SM, Muerhoff AS, Leary TP, et al. Prevalence of TT virus infection in US blood donors and populations at risk for acquiring parenterally transmitted viruses. J Infect Dis. 1999;179(5):1242-4.
21. Simmonds P, Davidson F, Lycett C, et al. Detection of a novel DNA virus (TT virus) in blood donors and blood products. Lancet. 1998;352(9123):191-5.
22. Moghimi M, Shayestehpour M, Doosti M, et al. Prevalence of torque teno virus in healthy individuals and those infected with hepatitis C virus living in Yazd, Iran. Caspian J Int Med. 2020;11(2):199-204.
23. Amen N, Maria M, Azam M, et al. Low Seroprevalence of torque teno virus in hcv positive patients and phylogenetic analysis from Pakistani isolates. Trop Biomed. 2018;35(1):205-220.
24. Karimi G, Gharehbaghian A, Tafti MF, et al. Emerging infectious threats to the blood supply: seroepidemiological studies in Iran-a review. Transfus Med Hemother. 2013;40(3):210-7.
25. Macera L, Spezia PG, Medici C, et al. Comparative evaluation of molecular methods for the quantitative measure of torquetenovirus viremia, the new surrogate marker of immune competence. J Med Virol. 2022;94(2):491-498.
26. Mazzola JC, Saito PK, Yamakawa RH, et al. Prevalence of Torque teno virus in healthy donors of Paraná State, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2015;37(5):336-40.
2. Spandole S, Cimponeriu D, Berca LM, et al. Human anelloviruses: an update of molecular, epidemiological and clinical aspects. Arch Virol. 2015;160(4):893-908.
3. Mrzljak A, Vilibic-Cavlek T. Torque teno virus in liver diseases and after liver transplantation. World J Transplant. 2020;10(11):291-296.
4. Taheri M, Motamedifar M, Sarvari J, et al. Higher frequency of transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV) in HIV patients in comparison with healthy blood donors. Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2017;6(3):e59363.
5. Mazzola JC, Saito PK, Yamakawa RH, et al. Prevalence of Torque teno virus in healthy donors of Paraná State, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2015;37(5):336-40.
6. Reshetnyak VI, Maev IV, Burmistrov AI, et al. Torque teno virus in liver diseases: On the way towards unity of view. World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(15):1691-1707.
7. Lasagna A, Piralla A, Borgetto S, et al. Torque teno virus and cancers: current knowledge. Future Virol. 2023;18(4):119-28.
8. Hassuna NA, Naguib E, Abdel-Fatah M, et al. Phylogenetic analysis of torque teno virus in thalassemic children in Egypt. Intervirology. 2017;60(3):102-8.
9. Mousavi-Nasab S, Baharlou R, Ghaderi M, et al. Molecular epidemiology of torque teno virus (TTV) isolated from in healthy and subjects with chronic hepatitis B and C in Jahrom city of Iran. Iran J Virol. 2013; 7 (1 and 2) :44-50
10. AbuOdeh R, Al‐Mawlawi N, Al‐Qahtani AA, et al. Detection and genotyping of torque teno virus (TTV) in healthy blood donors and patients infected with HBV or HCV in Qatar. J Med virol. 2015;87(7):1184-91.
11. Vasilyev EV, Trofimov DY, Tonevitsky AG, et al. Torque Teno Virus (TTV) distribution in healthy Russian population. Virol J. 2009;6:134.
12. Zhong S, Yeo W, Lin CK, et al. Quantitative and genotypic analysis of TT virusinfection in Chinese blood donors. Transfusion. 2001;41(8):1001-7.
13. Khudair EA, Al-Shuwaikh AM, Farhan NM. Detection of TTV Antigen in Patients with Hepatitis HBV and HCV. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2019;17(1):43-9.
14. Berkhouse HT. A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Torque Teno Virus Infection and Bushmeat Exposure Among Pneumonia Patients: Sarawak, Malaysia: Duke University; 2017.
15. Siahpoush M, Noorbazargan H, Kalantari S, et al. Coinfection of torque teno virus (TTV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples of women living in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 2022;14(2):181-185.
16. Nakhaie M, Makvandi M, Charostad J, et al. Downregulation of miR-143/145 Cluster in Breast Carcinoma Specimens: Putative Role of DNA Oncoviruses. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2020;13(12): e110685.
17. Swedan S, Al-Saleh D. Transfusion transmitted virus and dengue virus among healthy blood donors: A prevalence report from Jordan. Biomol Biomed. 2023;23(3):450-456.
18. Focosi D, Spezia PG, Macera L, et al. Assessment of prevalence and load of torquetenovirus viraemia in a large cohort of healthy blood donors. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(10):1406-10.
19. Bouzari M, Baygloo S. Primers designed for detection of TT virus also detect SEN virus. Res J Biol Sci. 2008;3(9):1063-6.
20. Desai SM, Muerhoff AS, Leary TP, et al. Prevalence of TT virus infection in US blood donors and populations at risk for acquiring parenterally transmitted viruses. J Infect Dis. 1999;179(5):1242-4.
21. Simmonds P, Davidson F, Lycett C, et al. Detection of a novel DNA virus (TT virus) in blood donors and blood products. Lancet. 1998;352(9123):191-5.
22. Moghimi M, Shayestehpour M, Doosti M, et al. Prevalence of torque teno virus in healthy individuals and those infected with hepatitis C virus living in Yazd, Iran. Caspian J Int Med. 2020;11(2):199-204.
23. Amen N, Maria M, Azam M, et al. Low Seroprevalence of torque teno virus in hcv positive patients and phylogenetic analysis from Pakistani isolates. Trop Biomed. 2018;35(1):205-220.
24. Karimi G, Gharehbaghian A, Tafti MF, et al. Emerging infectious threats to the blood supply: seroepidemiological studies in Iran-a review. Transfus Med Hemother. 2013;40(3):210-7.
25. Macera L, Spezia PG, Medici C, et al. Comparative evaluation of molecular methods for the quantitative measure of torquetenovirus viremia, the new surrogate marker of immune competence. J Med Virol. 2022;94(2):491-498.
26. Mazzola JC, Saito PK, Yamakawa RH, et al. Prevalence of Torque teno virus in healthy donors of Paraná State, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2015;37(5):336-40.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 18 No 2 (2024) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v18i2.15366 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Torque teno virus Blood donors Polymerase chain reaction | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Naderipour Z, Behnezhad F, Charostad J, Nakhaie M, Baniasadi N, Ghelmani Y, Akhavan Tafti F, Dehghani A, Astani A. Assessment of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) Frequency in Healthy Blood Donors in the Central Region of Iran, Yazd. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2024;18(2):110-116.
