A Systematic Review of Stem Cells in Iraqi Studies
-
Maeda Hussain Mohammad
,
Zaynab S. Abdulganii
,
Aous Kahtan Almzaien
,
Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari
,
Ayser Ayed Ahmed
,
Hiba Kareem Shaker
,
Aseel Kaled Abedalsattar
,
Ahlam Duiach Armash
Abstract
Over the past three decades, stem cell therapy has undergone rapid development and has emerged as a novel treatment for many major disorders. This systematic review aims to analyze the current landscape of stem cell research publications in Iraq comprehensively. By identifying and critically evaluating existing progress, this review provides a robust overview of the field, informing the development of a well-designed national roadmap for future advancements. This analysis serves as a valuable scientific reference both within Iraq and internationally, fostering further progress in Iraqi stem cell research. Data on Iraqi stem cell publications were collected from scientific databases such as the Iraqi Academic Scientific Journals Database, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct and other search engines. These publications were classified and analyzed to evaluate their status in the field. In our systematic review, we analyzed 132 articles on Iraqi stem cell research, including 21 review articles, 9 cancer stem cell studies, and 102 methodological studies, spanning from 1977-2024. Our findings highlight a rapid increase in publications, particularly in recent years, demonstrating significant progress in stem cell research within Iraq. Key areas of focus include the therapeutic applications of stem cells, cancer stem cells, and methodological advancements, with the majority of studies utilizing human, mouse, and rat samples. This comprehensive analysis underscores the evolving landscape and the need for continued collaboration and strategic planning in Iraqi stem cell research. Our systematic review revealed a significant increase in Iraqi stem cell research publications over recent years. This growth reflects substantial progress and the critical need for continued collaboration and strategic planning to further advance the field.
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4. Liu Z, Yao Z, Li C, et al. A step-by-step guide to the systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic and prognostic test accuracy evaluations. Br J Cancer. 2013;108(11):2299-303.
5. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009 Jul 21;6(7):e1000097.
6. Alqasim AMZ. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Solid Tumors. IJCMG. 2016;9(1):68-73.
7. Al-Sarraj SS, Saliem SS. Stem cells a novel approach to periodontal regeneration (A review of literature). J Bagh College Dentistry. 2014;26(3):89-97.
8. Sharquie KE, Noaimi AA. Follicular vitiligo: the present clinical status. Dermatol Online. 2016;7(2):176-178.
9. Mohammed RH, Jasim AM, Almanseekanaa LH. Isolation and characterization of bone marrowmesenchymal stem cells from rat and rabbit; a modified method. Karbala J Pharm Sci. 2012;3(3):44-51.
10. Hammoodi O, Hamid M, Hasan MS, et al. A Review in Regenerative Medicine: A Modern Therapy in Horses. Int J Pharm Res. 2020;12(1): :1074-1079.
11. Algraittee SJR, Ramasamy R. The Crosstalk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Damaged Cartilage in Osteoarthritis. Mal J Med Health Sci. 2020;16(2):262-268.
12. Al-Zayadi A, Al-Zayadi TFA. Stem cells a healing effect in cancer therapy. Muthanna Med J.2019;6(8):1-13.
13. Qasim BJ. Cancer Stem Cells. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2015;13(3):203-205.
14. Waheed IN, Karim A, Gali MAH. The role of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in induced stroke. Afr J Biotechnol. 2014;13(47):4399-4409.
15. Abdulghany ZS, Mahmood NA, Tawfeeq AT, et al. Cyperus rotundus tubers extract inhibits stem cell markers expression in cervical and human glioblastoma cancer cell lines. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2018;16(2):159-165.
16. Al-Maliki NS, Zedan ZK. miRNA-126 as a biomarker for cancer stem cells: role in chemotherapy resistance in Iraqi patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Al-Rafidain J Med Sci. 2024;6(1):195-9.
17. Al‐Adhami M, Kunz YW. Ontogenesis of haematopoietic sites in Brachydanio rerio (Hamilton‐Buchanan)(Teleostei). Dev Growth Differ. 1977;19(2):171-179.
18. Al-Azawwi IN. Experimental study on culture of mammalian embryonic stem cells. Ph.D. Thesis, 2003, College of Science [Ph.D.]. Iraq: Al-Mustansiriyah University; 2003.
19. Al-Jumely BA. Long term culture of adult bone marrow stem cells in albino mice [Thesis]. Baghdad- Iraq: College of Science, University of Baghdad; 2006.
20. Mnati IM. In vivo and in vitro studies of adult bone marrow stem cells and its role in induced myocardial infarction in albino rats [Ph.D.]. Iraq: College of Education (Ibn Al-Hitham), University of Baghdad, Iraq.; 2007.
21. Mutlak BH,Hussain, Waheed IN . In Vitro Study Of Umbilical Cord Blood - Derived Stem Cells And Their Neurogenic Differentiation. J Duhok Univ. 2009; 12(1) (Special Issue):178-188.
22. Jaumah ZA, AL-Khafaji FA, AL-Khalisi MH. Regeneration, Proliferation and Trans-differentiation of Adult Hepatic Oval Stem Cells into Functioning Beta-Cells and Exocrine Acinar Cells of the Pancreas in Diabetic Adult Rats. J Fac Med Baghdad. 2008;50(4):491-6.
23. Ramadhan TO, Deema H, Beth C. Identification of cancer stem cells in paediatric brain tumour gliomas. Dohuk Med J. 2008;2(1):54-70.
24. Tropel PH , Noël D, Platet N, et al. Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Mouse Bone Marrow. Exp Cell Res. 2004;295(2):395-406.
25. AL-Qaisy BA, Yaseen NY, Alwachi SN, et al. Comparison between three different protocols for isolation and culture of mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Iraqi J Cancer Med Gen. 2014;7(1):26-35.
26. AL-Qaisy BAY, NY Alwachi, Yaseen NY, et al. Isolation and Identification of mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Iraqi J Cancer and Med Gen. 2014;7(1):49-55.
27. AlShammari AM, Al-Joboury AA, Yaseen NY, editors. Isolation and culture of neuronal stem cells which directed into Purkinje cells to be used for brain damage and epilepsy treatment in mice. Molecular Therapy; 2012: Nature Publishing Group 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA.
28. AL-Qaisy BA. In vitro Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Islet of Langerhans-like Cells. Baghdad- Iraq: College of Science, University of Baghdad, Iraq; 2013.
29. Alshammari AM, Salman MIU, M.A., Yaseen NY, editors. Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, First Successes in Iraq. InXX International Congress of Mediterranean Federation of Health and Production of Ruminants, Egypt; 2013.
30. Alshammari AM, Salman MI, Umran MA. IN VITRO effect of differentiation factors on accumulation of COL1A1, COL2A1 and CRTAC1 for chondrogenesis of mice bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. IJRSB. 2015;3(4):45-56.
31. Abdullah RH, Salih SM, Yaseen NY, et al. Differentiation of Mouse Bone-Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Motor Neuron Cells in vitro. Al-Nahrain J Sci. 2016;19(2):111-6.
32. Abdullah RH, Yaseen NY, Salih, SM, et al. Induction of mice adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into functional motor neuron-like cells. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016:77:129-142.
33. Mohammad MH, Yassen NY, Al-Joubory AA, et al. Production of neural progenitors from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Discov. 2016;6(1):1-12.
34. Mohammad MH, Al-Shammari AM, Al-Juboory AA, et al. Characterization of neural stemness status through the neurogenesis process for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Cloning. 2016; 9:1-15.
35. Mohammad MH, Almzaien AK, Al-Joubory AA, et al. In vitro isolation and expansion of neural stem cells NSCs. Baghdad Sci J. 2023;20(3):18:787-798.
36. Mohammad MH, Al-Shammari AM, Abdulla RH, et al. Differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells induced by using β-mercaptoethanol. Baghdad Science Journal. 2020;17(Suppl.1):235-243.
37. Bayaty AHA. Harnessing Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Treatment And Rehabilitation Of Inducing Tendonitis In equine Species. Baghdad- Iraq: University of Baghdad; 2010.
38. Al-Kubaysi SM. Using of stem cells to evoke the immune system in Immunosuppressed Ewe.: College Veterinary Medicine. University of Baghdad, Iraq.; 2012.
39. Mohamad MA. The effect of Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells with estimation of molecular events on tooth socket healing in diabetic rabbits.: College Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.; 2012.
40. Majeed C, Al-Shammari AM, Yausif EH, et al. BM-MSCs differentiated insulin-producing cells produce more insulin in presence of EGF than of FGF. Stem Cell Discov. 2015;5(4):33-39.
41. Jabur AR, Al-Hassani ES, Al-Shammari AM, et al. Evaluation of stem cells’ growth on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds used for soft tissue applications. Energy Procedia. 2017;119:61-71.
42. Safi IN, Al-Shammari AM, Ul-Jabbar MA, et al. Preparing polycaprolactone scaffolds using electrospinning technique for construction of artificial periodontal ligament tissue. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2020;15(5):363-373.
2. Shah AA, Khan FA. Types and classification of stem cells. Advances in application of stem cells: From Bench to Clinics: Springer; 2021. p. 25-49.
3. Armstrong R, Hall BJ, Doyle J, et al. ‘Scoping the scope’ of a cochrane review. J Public Health. 2011;33(1):147-50.
4. Liu Z, Yao Z, Li C, et al. A step-by-step guide to the systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic and prognostic test accuracy evaluations. Br J Cancer. 2013;108(11):2299-303.
5. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009 Jul 21;6(7):e1000097.
6. Alqasim AMZ. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Solid Tumors. IJCMG. 2016;9(1):68-73.
7. Al-Sarraj SS, Saliem SS. Stem cells a novel approach to periodontal regeneration (A review of literature). J Bagh College Dentistry. 2014;26(3):89-97.
8. Sharquie KE, Noaimi AA. Follicular vitiligo: the present clinical status. Dermatol Online. 2016;7(2):176-178.
9. Mohammed RH, Jasim AM, Almanseekanaa LH. Isolation and characterization of bone marrowmesenchymal stem cells from rat and rabbit; a modified method. Karbala J Pharm Sci. 2012;3(3):44-51.
10. Hammoodi O, Hamid M, Hasan MS, et al. A Review in Regenerative Medicine: A Modern Therapy in Horses. Int J Pharm Res. 2020;12(1): :1074-1079.
11. Algraittee SJR, Ramasamy R. The Crosstalk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Damaged Cartilage in Osteoarthritis. Mal J Med Health Sci. 2020;16(2):262-268.
12. Al-Zayadi A, Al-Zayadi TFA. Stem cells a healing effect in cancer therapy. Muthanna Med J.2019;6(8):1-13.
13. Qasim BJ. Cancer Stem Cells. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2015;13(3):203-205.
14. Waheed IN, Karim A, Gali MAH. The role of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in induced stroke. Afr J Biotechnol. 2014;13(47):4399-4409.
15. Abdulghany ZS, Mahmood NA, Tawfeeq AT, et al. Cyperus rotundus tubers extract inhibits stem cell markers expression in cervical and human glioblastoma cancer cell lines. Iraqi J Med Sci. 2018;16(2):159-165.
16. Al-Maliki NS, Zedan ZK. miRNA-126 as a biomarker for cancer stem cells: role in chemotherapy resistance in Iraqi patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Al-Rafidain J Med Sci. 2024;6(1):195-9.
17. Al‐Adhami M, Kunz YW. Ontogenesis of haematopoietic sites in Brachydanio rerio (Hamilton‐Buchanan)(Teleostei). Dev Growth Differ. 1977;19(2):171-179.
18. Al-Azawwi IN. Experimental study on culture of mammalian embryonic stem cells. Ph.D. Thesis, 2003, College of Science [Ph.D.]. Iraq: Al-Mustansiriyah University; 2003.
19. Al-Jumely BA. Long term culture of adult bone marrow stem cells in albino mice [Thesis]. Baghdad- Iraq: College of Science, University of Baghdad; 2006.
20. Mnati IM. In vivo and in vitro studies of adult bone marrow stem cells and its role in induced myocardial infarction in albino rats [Ph.D.]. Iraq: College of Education (Ibn Al-Hitham), University of Baghdad, Iraq.; 2007.
21. Mutlak BH,Hussain, Waheed IN . In Vitro Study Of Umbilical Cord Blood - Derived Stem Cells And Their Neurogenic Differentiation. J Duhok Univ. 2009; 12(1) (Special Issue):178-188.
22. Jaumah ZA, AL-Khafaji FA, AL-Khalisi MH. Regeneration, Proliferation and Trans-differentiation of Adult Hepatic Oval Stem Cells into Functioning Beta-Cells and Exocrine Acinar Cells of the Pancreas in Diabetic Adult Rats. J Fac Med Baghdad. 2008;50(4):491-6.
23. Ramadhan TO, Deema H, Beth C. Identification of cancer stem cells in paediatric brain tumour gliomas. Dohuk Med J. 2008;2(1):54-70.
24. Tropel PH , Noël D, Platet N, et al. Isolation and Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Mouse Bone Marrow. Exp Cell Res. 2004;295(2):395-406.
25. AL-Qaisy BA, Yaseen NY, Alwachi SN, et al. Comparison between three different protocols for isolation and culture of mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Iraqi J Cancer Med Gen. 2014;7(1):26-35.
26. AL-Qaisy BAY, NY Alwachi, Yaseen NY, et al. Isolation and Identification of mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Iraqi J Cancer and Med Gen. 2014;7(1):49-55.
27. AlShammari AM, Al-Joboury AA, Yaseen NY, editors. Isolation and culture of neuronal stem cells which directed into Purkinje cells to be used for brain damage and epilepsy treatment in mice. Molecular Therapy; 2012: Nature Publishing Group 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA.
28. AL-Qaisy BA. In vitro Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Islet of Langerhans-like Cells. Baghdad- Iraq: College of Science, University of Baghdad, Iraq; 2013.
29. Alshammari AM, Salman MIU, M.A., Yaseen NY, editors. Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, First Successes in Iraq. InXX International Congress of Mediterranean Federation of Health and Production of Ruminants, Egypt; 2013.
30. Alshammari AM, Salman MI, Umran MA. IN VITRO effect of differentiation factors on accumulation of COL1A1, COL2A1 and CRTAC1 for chondrogenesis of mice bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. IJRSB. 2015;3(4):45-56.
31. Abdullah RH, Salih SM, Yaseen NY, et al. Differentiation of Mouse Bone-Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Motor Neuron Cells in vitro. Al-Nahrain J Sci. 2016;19(2):111-6.
32. Abdullah RH, Yaseen NY, Salih, SM, et al. Induction of mice adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into functional motor neuron-like cells. J Chem Neuroanat. 2016:77:129-142.
33. Mohammad MH, Yassen NY, Al-Joubory AA, et al. Production of neural progenitors from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Discov. 2016;6(1):1-12.
34. Mohammad MH, Al-Shammari AM, Al-Juboory AA, et al. Characterization of neural stemness status through the neurogenesis process for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Cloning. 2016; 9:1-15.
35. Mohammad MH, Almzaien AK, Al-Joubory AA, et al. In vitro isolation and expansion of neural stem cells NSCs. Baghdad Sci J. 2023;20(3):18:787-798.
36. Mohammad MH, Al-Shammari AM, Abdulla RH, et al. Differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells induced by using β-mercaptoethanol. Baghdad Science Journal. 2020;17(Suppl.1):235-243.
37. Bayaty AHA. Harnessing Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Treatment And Rehabilitation Of Inducing Tendonitis In equine Species. Baghdad- Iraq: University of Baghdad; 2010.
38. Al-Kubaysi SM. Using of stem cells to evoke the immune system in Immunosuppressed Ewe.: College Veterinary Medicine. University of Baghdad, Iraq.; 2012.
39. Mohamad MA. The effect of Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells with estimation of molecular events on tooth socket healing in diabetic rabbits.: College Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq.; 2012.
40. Majeed C, Al-Shammari AM, Yausif EH, et al. BM-MSCs differentiated insulin-producing cells produce more insulin in presence of EGF than of FGF. Stem Cell Discov. 2015;5(4):33-39.
41. Jabur AR, Al-Hassani ES, Al-Shammari AM, et al. Evaluation of stem cells’ growth on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds used for soft tissue applications. Energy Procedia. 2017;119:61-71.
42. Safi IN, Al-Shammari AM, Ul-Jabbar MA, et al. Preparing polycaprolactone scaffolds using electrospinning technique for construction of artificial periodontal ligament tissue. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2020;15(5):363-373.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 20 No 1 (2026): Articles In Press | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Cancer stem cells; Clinical trial; Iraqi studies; Stem cells; Systematic review | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Mohammad M, Abdulganii Z, Almzaien A, Al-Shammari A, Ahmed A, Shaker H, Abedalsattar A, Armash A. A Systematic Review of Stem Cells in Iraqi Studies. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2026;20(1).
